Deer: The Animal Answer Guide

Index and Image Plates

adaptation, 15, 17, 20, 50, 54; antlers, 30–31; to people, 90, 117 aesthetics, 8–9, 94, 108, 128 Africa, 6, 9, 26–28, 58, 88, 110 age, 3, 77; coat color, 40–41; determination, 23, 75–77 aggressive behavior, 46–48, 52, 53, 54 agricultural crops, as food, 9–10, 80, 82–83, 87, 98, 108, 117, 137; deterrents, 83, 99–101; supplemental, 89–90 alarm call, 46, 50, 73–74 albino deer, 38–39, 42–43 allegories, 125, 127–28, 130–31 Annamite muntjac, 144 anomalies, 32–33, 38–39, 42–43 Antarctica, 9, 57 anthropocentrism, 130–33 antler points, 1, 23, 32, 34, 75–76 antlers: damage, 30, 32–33, 34, 35, 48, 65, 83; evolution, 14, 33–35, 34, 140–41; growth, 25, 27–28, 29, 75–76, 84; horns vs., 1, 2, 26; human importance, 8–9, 22, 97; mating behavior, 1–2, 23–26, 30–32, 46–47, 47, 68, 69, 70, 139; size and shape, 1–2, 3, 4, 6, 22–23, 24, 32, 40; taxonomy, 139–40; weight, 30, 35; yearly cycle, 26–27, 30–31 antler velvet, 25–26, 32, 68, 69, 97, 137, 139; growth, 27–28, 29, 31 Arctic deer, 42, 60, 82, 137–38; migrations, 56–57, 57, 122 art, 9, 123–24, 124, 125, 126, 133, 138; historical eras, 128–32 Artiodactyla order, 10t, 11, 143–44 Asia, deer in, xv, 3–4, 8, 44, 95, 102, 137–38; coat, 36–37, 42; common, 11, 57–58, 59, 110; culture and, 123, 125, 130; endangered, 114, 118–21, 119; fossils, 14, 34; habitats, 10, 27, 59, 66; hunting, 113–14; medicine, 94, 96, 97, 123; threatened, 117, 118 Australia, 6, 9, 57–58, 108–10 automobile–deer collisions, 8, 50, 63, 98; location, 50, 62, 99, 102–3, 137; mitigation, xiv, 21–22, 102–6, 145; number, 101–2 axis deer. See chital bachelor herds, 45–46 barasingha, 8, 51, 59, 79, 117, 141, 144; coat, 39, 41; distribution, 10, 58; functional form, 21, 27, 67 Bawean deer, 8, 114, 116, 143 bedding sites, 55–56, 61, 73–74 behavior: aggression, 46–48; communication, 50–52, 136; estrous, 68–69; intelligence, 48–50; maternal, 44–47, 50–52, 55, 72–75, 74, 75, 85; observation, 92–93, 93, 135; survival, 11–12, 48–50, 52–54, 58–59, 68. See also mating behavior behavior modification, motorists, 103–5 Bergmann’s Rule, 15 Berners, Juliana, 128 bestiaries, 128, 129 Bible, 126–27 birthing season, 70–71, 88 birth weight, 74–75 Black muntjac, 117, 144 black-tailed deer, 11, 110 blood vessels, antler development, 27–28, 29, 31, 139 bluetongue, 64 body condition, 82, 87, 122 body fat, 60, 64–65; storage, 86–88 body size, 15–17, 16, 34, 46, 86, 88; age vs., 75–77; gestation, 69–70 body weight, 75, 87–88 bones, 13; antlers, 22, 23, 26–28, 30; ecology, 65–66; as food, 83–84; running, 21. See also long bones The Borderers (Wordsworth play), 132 Bornean yellow muntjac, 144 Bovidae mammals, 6, 9, 13, 26, 58, 66; food, 3, 79, 85 breeding programs, 108, 114, 119–20 breeding stock, 8–9. See also game farms brocket deer, 1, 3–5, 4, 8, 10, 16, 143; behavior, 44, 51–52, 54, 71, 80; research, 92, 93, 117, 138–39 Brown brocket deer, 117, 143 browsers, 17, 78, 80–82, 81, 85, 86; problematic, 99, 105, 107 brucellosis, 62–63 bucks, 3, 7 bulls, 3 Calamian deer, 8, 114, 143 calcium: in antlers, 28, 30, 32; in bone, 65–66, 84 calves, 3, 40, 41, 88. See also fawns camouflage, coat, 36, 37, 39–40 Canada, 6, 57, 95, 106, 109, 138 Index 157 Page references in italics refer to illustrations. Page numbers followed by t refer to tables. 158 Index Capreolinae subfamily, 10t, 11, 143 captive deer, xiv–xv, 6, 57–58, 94; breeding, 8–9, 108, 114, 119–20 caribou, 1–2, 104, 105, 137–38, 143; antlers, 24, 25, 28, 32; behavior, 44–45, 48–49, 51, 54; coat, 36, 37, 40, 42–43; distribution, 6, 9, 11, 57, 110; ecology, 55–57, 57, 61, 66, 121; food, 82, 83; functional form, 16, 20, 139; husbandry, 94–95, 95; reproduction, 68, 73–74 carnivores, 66, 117, 135–36 Carson, Anne Elizabeth, 130 cast, antlers, 1, 25–27, 30–32, 139 Cavendish, Margaret, 130 cell structure, species differences, 4 Central America, deer in, 6, 9–10, 106, 113–14, 123, 139; endangered...