Law in Religious Communities in the Roman Period: The Debate over Torah and Nomos in Post-Biblical Judaism and Early Christianity

Contents

Contents Contributors vii Introduction ix Peter Richardson 1. Law and Religion: Origins and Present State 1 Peter Richardson Turning Points: Sanders and Neusner 1 Studies in Religion and Law 3 Ethnology and Jurisprudence 7 Conclusion 13 Notes 14 2. Whence "TTie Torah" of Second Temple Judaism 19 Stephen Westerholm Law in Early Judaism and Christianity: Introductory Comments ... 19 Julius Wellhausen 22 Sigmund Mowinckel and Albrecht Alt 27 Martin Noth 29 Gerhard von Rad 33 Walther Zimmerli 36 Notes 41 3. Torah, Nomos and Law 45 Stephen Westerholm Solomon Schechter 45 C. H. Dodd 46 H.­J. Schoeps 49 Samuel Sandmel 52 W. D. Davies 54 Notes 55 4. Law, Grace and the "Soteriology" of Judaism 57 Stephen Westerholm Martin Luther 58 Rudolf Bultmann 60 v vi Law in ReligiousCommunitiesin the Roman Period E. P. Sanders 63 Heikki Raisanen and Other Responses 66 Notes 72 5. Law and Christian Ethics 75 Stephen Westerholm C. H. Dodd 75 David Daube 78 W. D. Davies 80 Conclusion 85 Notes 89 6. Torah and Early Christian Groups 93 Michael Pettem F. C. Baur 93 Albrecht Ritschl 95 H.­J. Schoeps 98 Jean Danielou 99 R. E. Brown 102 Conclusion 105 Notes 106 7. Rivkin and Neusner on the Pharisees 109 Albert I. Baumgarten Ellis Rivkin 110 Jacob Neusner and Morton Smith 114 Jacob Neusner 118 Conclusion 121 Notes 121 8. Sadducees and Halakah 127 Cecilia Wassen Background 127 Lauterbach, Finkelstein and Zeitlin 129 Daube and Lightstone 134 Le Moyne and Saldarini 137 Conclusion 140 Notes 142 9. Torah and Nomos in Post­Biblical Judaism and Early Christianity 147 Peter Richardson Background 147 Semantic Considerations 149 Community Considerations 150 Further Work 153 Notes 155 Index of Authors 157 Index of References 161 ...