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1.01 EHRHARTEAE • Ehrharta 9 grains; emb to 1/3 the length of the car; epiblasts usu present; scutellar cleft usu present; mesocotyl intnd absent or very short; emb lf mrg usu overlapping. x = 12 (10, 15, 17). The Ehrhartoideae encompasses 120 species and three tribes. Its members grow in forests, open hillsides, and aquatic habitats. One tribe, the Oryzeae, is native to North America; the Ehrharteae is introduced. Morphologically, the Oryzeae and the Ehrharteae are characterized by spikelets that have a distal unisexual or bisexual floret with up to two proximal sterile florets, and, frequently, six stamens in the staminate or bisexual florets. 1. Spikelets with 2 sterile florets below the functional floret, both well developed, at least the upper sterile floret as long as or longer than the functional floret; glumes from ½ as long as the spikelets to exceeding the florets; culms not aerenchymatous; plants of dry to damp habitats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Ehrharteae 1. Spikelets with 0–2 sterile florets below the functional floret, when present, sterile florets 1/8–9/10 as long as the functional floret; glumes absent or highly reduced; culms aerenchymatous; plants of wet habitats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. Oryzeae 1. EHRHARTEAE Nevski Mary E. Barkworth Pl ann or per. Clm ann, (1)6–200 cm, smt woody, not aerenchymatous, smt brchd above the base. Shth open, usu rounded on the back, glab or not, smt scabrous; col frequently with tuberculate hairs; aur usu present, often ciliate; lig usu memb, smt a memb rim or of hairs; psdpet not present; bld linear, venation parallel, cross venation not evident, abx surfaces with microhairs and variously shaped silica bodies, cross sections non-Kranz; 1st seedling lvs with well-developed, erect bld. Infl tml, pan or unilateral rcm; dis above the glm, flt falling as a cluster. Spklt solitary, terete or lat compressed, with 3 flt, lo 2 flt strl, tml flt bisex, at least the up strl flt as long as or longer than the bisex flt; rchl smt shortly prolonged beyond the base of the bisex flt. Glm 2, from ½ as long as to exceeding the flt, (3)5–7-veined. Stl flt: lm coriaceous, 5–7-veined, awned or unawned; pal lacking. Bisex flt: lm lanceolate or rectangular, firmly cartilaginous to coriaceous, 5–7-veined, veins inconspicuous, apc entire, unawned; pal 0–2(5)-veined; lod 2, free; anth 1–6; sty 2, fused or free to the base, stigmas linear, plumose. Car ellipsoid; hila linear, at least ½ as long as the car; emb up to 1/3 the length of the car, waisted, without an epiblast, with a scutellar tail and a minute mesocotyl intnd. x = 12. The number of genera recognized in the Ehrharteae varies from one to four (Willemse 1982; Edgar and Connor 2000; Wheeler et al. 2002). The largest genus, Ehrharta, is native to Africa, the other three being Australasian. Only one genus, Ehrharta, has been introduced to North America. 1.01 EHRHARTA Thunb. Mary E. Barkworth Pl ann or per; synoecious. Clm 6–200 cm, smt woody, erect to decumbent, smt brchd above the base, usu pubescent; bas brchg invag. Lvs bas or bas and cauline; shth terete, open; aur present, often ciliate; lig 0.5–3 mm, truncate, memb or of hairs; bld linear to lanceolate, smt dis from the shth. Infl rcm or pan; pri br spreading to ascending; dis above the glm, not between the flt. Spklt 2–17 mm, solitary, pedlt, terete or lat compressed, with 3 flt, lo 2 flt strl, at least the up equaling or exceeding the distal flt, distal flt bisex. Glm from about ½ as long as to exceeding the flt, (3)5–7-veined. Stl flt consisting only of lm; stl lm firmer than the glm, glab or pubescent, stipitate or non-stipitate, smooth to rugose, unawned or awned, lowest lm often with lat earlike appendages at the base, up lm subequal to or longer than the distal flt. Bisex flt: lm often indurate at maturity, glab, 5–7-veined, keeled, unawned, smt mucronate; pal thinner than the lm, 1–2(5)-veined; anth (1–5)6, yellow; sty 2, fused or free to the base, white or brown. Car lat compressed. x = 12. Named for Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart (1742–1795), a German botanist of Swiss origin who studied under Linnaeus. Ehrharta is a genus of approximately 25 species, most of which are native to southern Africa. Only one species has been found in the Intermountain Region. 1. Ehrharta calycina Sm. Perennial Veldtgrass [p...

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