Death Valley National Park: A History

Index

179 i n d e x Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund, 112 Abbey, Edward, 7, 62 Adams, David, 40 Aguerreberry, Jean-Pierre “Pete,” 20–21 air access and airports, 41–43 air-quality issues, 102–3, 140–41 Alaskan National Interest Lands Conservation Act, 65 Albright, Horace M., 26, 28, 30–32, 41 Amargosa River, 119 American Borate Company, 53 American expansionism, 4 American Indian Religious Freedom Act, 89 Antiquities Act of 1906, 31 Antonich, Dale, 140 Arcan, J. B., 11 Archaeological Resources Protection Act (arpa), 89, 110 archaeological surveys, 104–5 “Archaic” peoples, 9 Ash Meadows, 55–58 assimilation policy, 84 athel tamarisk, 126, 127–28 Austin, Mary, 8 automobiles, 7, 100 Babbitt, Bruce, 94 backcountry travel, 97–98 Badder, Wayne, 133–34 Badwater Ultramarathon, 101 Barker, James, 51, 53 Baumunk, Edward and Carol, 142 Bennett, Asabel, 11 Bergen, John, 127 bighorn sheep, 123 “big-tree syndrome,” 61 Billie Mining Claim, 53–54 Binnewies, Fred W., 40, 44 Birnie, Lieutenant Rogers, 14 Bishop Indian Agency, 74 Boland, Bill, 72 Boland, Johnny, 85 Borax Consolidated, 19–20 borax mining, 17–20, 49–52 Borax Museum, 106 Boraxo Pit, 49 Bowen, Ross, 88 Bowler, Alida, 78, 79, 81 Boxer, Barbara, 66 Brooks, Thomas W., 5 Brown, Beulah, 26 budgetary challenges, 136–38 Bugsmashers, 11 Bureau of Indian Affairs. See US Bureau of Indian Affairs Bureau of Land Management. See US Bureau of Land Management burros, 120–26 cadastral surveys, 13 California Desert Plan, 63–64 California Desert Protection Act (cdpa), 64–68, 93–94, 144 California Desert Trails (Chase), 5 California Wilderness Coalition, 142–43 Callagan, Charlie, 140 Campbell, John, 21 Canyonlands National Park, 62 Cappaert, Francis L., 55, 57 Cappaert decision, 58 Carlsbad Caverns, 37 Carson City Indian School, 75 Catton, Theodore, 147 CBS Evening News, 52 Chaco Canyon, 37 Chambers, Ben, 22 Chapman, Howard, 60–61 Chapman, Oscar L., 42 Chappell, Gordon, 108, 110 Chase, J. Smeaton, 5 Civilian Conservation Corps (ccc), 34–35 Clark, James R., 25 Cohen, Felix, 84 Coleman, William T., 18–19 colemanite, 18–19 Colville, Frederick V., 14 180 i n d e x designation, 47–48, 65; resource management issues (see resource management); struggle for park status, 63–67; struggles of Timbisha within (see Timbisha Shoshones); visitation levels, 35, 43; water claims and related issues (see water issues) Death Valley National Park: air-quality issues, 102–3, 140–41; as a bellwether for national park system, 148–49; budgetary challenges, 136–38; creation of Timbisha homeland, 93–96; cultural and historical resources (see cultural resource management); as a desert landscape, 1–2; devaluing by National Park Service, 60–61, 147–48; facilities-related challenges, 133–35; late-twentieth-century management challenges, 67–68, 97–104; law enforcement issues, 138–40; legacy of mining in (see mining and prospecting); protectionaccess question, 144–47; resource management issues (see resource management); struggle for park status, 63–67; visitation levels, 138; water claims and related issues (see water issues); wilderness management issues, 129, 141–42 “Death Valley Scotty,” 23–25, 32 Death Valley Shoshones. See Timbisha Shoshones “Death Valley Special School,” 76 Death Valley Wilderness Proposal, 48 Delamar, J. R., 21 Denton, William, 13 Desert Parks Conference, 61 deserts: early tourists in, 5–6; Native inhabitants of, 3–4; Old World views of, 2–3, 4; as places of refuge, 3; transforming attitudes toward, 6–7, 62 Desert Solitaire: A Season in the Wilderness (Abbey), 7 Devils Hole, 55–58 “dollar-a-year men,” 33 Doty, Captain Edward, 11 Draft Legislative Environmental Impact Statement , 95 Dresselhaus, Carl, 110 drug interdiction, 99, 139 Drury, Newton B., 42 Dunne, Jim, 100 Dutton, Clarence, 28 condemnation (land acquisition), 116–17 confirmed patents, 38 copper mining, 21–22 Cow Creek, 114–17 Cranston, Alan, 57, 64 cr Briggs Mine, 94 criminal activity, 98–99, 139–40 Crocker, M. D., 53 Cry California, 56 cultural resource management: efforts to identify and evaluate historic sites, 107–10; impact of Timbisha homeland on, 113; limited emphasis prior to 1966, 104–7; 1980s changes in strategy, 111–12; problem of pot hunting, 110–11 Daiker, Fred H., 79, 82, 83 Daunet, Isadore, 18 Davis, Kathy A., 143 Dawes Act of 1887, 80–81 Deacon, James, 56 Death Valley: as a desert landscape, 1–2; early human habitation, 8–10; entry into national park system, 28–32; European entry into, 10–12; history of mining and prospecting in, 11–12, 15–23; Native inhabitants, 3–4 (see also Timbisha Shoshones); origin of name, 4, 11–12; rise...