Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology of the Colorado High Country

Index

Abiquiu Reservoir sites, 25, 170, 171; artifact distributions at, 140–147; features at, 281–85; structures at, 132–135, 172, 285–286 Abraders, 93–94 Agate, 219 Agate Creek, 221 Agriculture, 21, 29, 171–172 Alaska, 249 Alder, 60 Aleuts, 273 Alkali Basin, 36 Altithermal, 16, 27, 171 Alva Site, 2 Anasazi, lithic assemblages of, 76 (table), 77. See also Basketmaker cultures Antelope, 49, 111, 114, 166; Paiute drives of, 164–165, 167 Arapaho game drive, 167 Arapaho Pass, 7 Archaic stage, 17–18, 26, 27, 114, 160, 170–74; burials from, 241–244 (table); lifeway during, 29–30; lithic assemblages of, 76 (table), 77; social relationships in, 21–22; structures of, 130–138 Architecture, and cultural traditions, 22–24 Arctic, firepit use in, 271–273 Index Arizona, 157, 171, 174 Armijo phase, 29 Artifact assemblages, 63, 76; intersite comparisons of, 139–153; surfacesubsurface distribution of, 119–123; temporal changes in, 115–116; use and abandonment of, 67–68. See also by artifact type Ash, 60 Atnatanas, 275 Australia, 166 Aztec Ruin, 247 Bajada phase, 28 Basketmaker cultures, 3, 29, 166, 172; hafted tools from, 246, 247–248 Basketmaker II stage, 114; burials from, 241–244 (table) Bat Cave, 246 Battlement Mesa, 172. See also Kewclaw Site Bear Lake Indians, fuel use by, 272–273 Benedict, James, sites excavated by, 6–8 Besant culture, 166 Bifaces: hafted, 245–248; handle notches on, 74–75; site distributions of, 139, 143, 144, 150, 151; from Tenderfoot Site, 71–75, 89–91, 92, 97, 251–258, 263, 264, 269 Pages in italics indicate illustrations. 312 Index Big game, 48; and boiling pits, 111–112; use of, 49–50 Big Game Hill Site (5GN1), 215 Bighorn sheep, 49, 50, 55, 167 Birhor, 166 Bison, 34, 35, 114, 162, 163; pounding of, 165–166; at Tenderfoot Site, 55, 160; use of, 50, 57 Black Knoll phase, 29 Blue Mesa Reservoir, 8, 9–10, 130– 131 Bode’s Draw Site, 7 Boiling pits, 49, 50, 57, 111–112, 112, 163; temporal distribution of, 114– 115 Bone. See Fauna Brooks Range, 167 Buckles, William, 3–4; direct historical approach of, 24–25 Burials: Basketmaker II and Archaic, 241–244 (table); personal gear in, 68– 69, 161; projectile points in, 159, 160 Cabin Creek Site (5GN397), 216 Caching, 68, 159 California, hafted tools from, 249–250 Campsites, 4, 5, 27; dating of, 14–15; hunting, 50, 58; along Front Range, 6–7; lithic assemblages on, 161–162; in Upper Gunnison Basin, 8–10 Canada, 249; caribou drives in, 163– 164, 167 Caribou drives, 163–164, 167 Casa de Nada Site (5MT2731), 171; artifact distribution at, 15, 147–149, 149, 150, 151; structures at, 135–137, 286–287 Casebier Site, 2 Cascade point, 3 Castle Valley phase, 29 Caves, stratified, 128 Central Plains, 4 Cerro del Medio (N.M.), 157 Chalcedony, 217, 219, 220, 221 Chama River, Archaic structures on, 132, 134–135 Charcoal, 59–60 Checkers Site, 131 Chert, 102, 162–163, 216–217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Cheyenne, 275 Choppers, 146, 268 Chronologies, building, 16–17 Climate, Pleistocene, 35–36 Clovis period, 26 Cochetopa Banana Quarry (5SH1712), 217 Cochetopa Creek, 219 Cochetopa Dome, 9, 158, 218–219 Cochetopa Game Drive Quarry (5SH1714), 216–217, 220 Cochetopa Raw Material Site 1 (5SH1713), 217 Colorado, obsidian from, 157, 158 Colorado Plateau, 26, 29 Comanche Canyon, 134 Coney Creek Valley, 7 Coney Lake Site, 7 Conglomerate, silicified, 215 Cool temperate climates, 275 Cores, 95, 99, 142, 143 Corn farming, 171–172 Corroboree, 113 Cottonwood Site, 2, 172 Crested Butte, 35 Cultural processes, 16 Cultural traditions, 16, 18–19 Cultural change, 173–174 Culture, defining, 20 Culture histories, 16; Upper Gunnison Basin, 26–32 Curation, of tool assemblages, 63–64, 67 Curecanti National Recreation Area, sites in, 8–9, 130 Dacite, 215–16 Deadman Slough Site, 160 Dead of Winter Site, 14, 15 Debitage, 68, 102; at Abiquiu Reservoir sites, 140–143, 147; at Casa de Nada, 147, 148; and site age, 77–78; site distributions of, 120–121, 139 Deer, 49, 55 Defensive sites, 9 Desert culture, 1, 3, 156 Diachronic change, 17 Dinosaur National Monument, 1–2, 247 Direct historical approach, 24–25 Dirty Devil phase, 29 Discard behavior, 67 Index 313 Dolores Cave, 2 Dolores River Canyon, 135, 137, 172 Dripping Rocks Cave, 1 Dry Creek Site, 9 Dumps, 140–141, 147. See also Trash middens Early Archaic, 27 Eden-Farson Site, 166 Eden-Scottsbluff points...