Mexicanos in Oregon: Their Stories, Their Lives

Index

274 Mexicanos in Oregon Index Figures in bold; Tables in italics acculturation consonant, 211 dissonant, 211–12, 232 intergenerational, 209, 224 measures of, 210 selective, 86–87, 212 adolescence, 197, 213. See also children African Americans, 14, 21, 36, 42, 49, 60, 65, 112, 142, 252 agribusiness, 54–55, 83 agriculture collective bargaining and, 83 (see also collective bargaining) crops, 55 (see also specific crop) dry-farming, 154 employers in, 166 growers and (see growers) intensification, 157–66 labor for 32, 53–54, 73, 102, 106, 114, 151, 153 in Mexico, 114 nursery industry and (see nursery industry) orchards, 35, 73, 136, 140, 154, 158, 161 programs, 31 ranching, 153–54 seed companies and, 164, 165 Alamo, The, 10, 65 alcohol, 183, 209. See also drugs altars, domestic, 16–17 America for Americans Club, 25 American Legion, 25 American Veterans of Wars, 25 amnesty, 82, 90, 105–6, 116, 129, 182, 218 annexation, 9, 68 anti-immigrant sentiment, 24, 87 assimilation, 19, 210–11, 251–52 Aztlán, Mexico, 10 Baja California, Mexico 74 Beaverton, Oregon 81, 142–43, 170 beet fields, 28–29, 50 berries, 94, 158, 220 bigotry, 13, 67, 69, 87. See also discrimination border crossing, 178, 218–19 Mexico-U.S., 21, 23, 54, 74, 111 militarization, 53, 104, 110–13, 181 political separation of, 14 Border Angels, 111 Border Patrol. See United States Border Patrol Box, John, 24 Box Bill, 24 Bracero Program. 31–36, 40, 47–55, 136, 217, 242. See also braceros; Mexican Farm Labor Program 275 THEIR STORIES, THEIR LIVES Index braceros living quarters, 37, 37, 38, 45 racial discrimination and, 36 (see also discrimination) reverse, 9 strikes and work stoppages by, 46 in Salem, Oregon, 37 See also farmworkers; immigrants; migrants British Columbia, Canada, 26 California, 12–15, 23, 26–27, 30, 33–34, 52–54, 63, 74, 76–77, 79, 82, 92–94, 100, 111, 114–15, 120, 129–30, 136, 146, 151, 158, 162–64, 179–81, 193, 206, 208, 233, 240, 243, 245–46, 248, 252 Catholic Church, 61–62, 108 Catholic Migrant Ministry Office, 61 cattle, 27, 96, 154. See also dairy farms; ranching CAUSA, 128 CBOs, 108 census. See United States: census findings Centro Cultural, 90, 227 Centro Latino Americano, 12 chain migration, 178. See also migration Charro, Jinete, 156 Chávez, César, 77, 82–83, 88, 227 Chiapas, Mexico, 229 Chicano identity, 229 movement, 10, 78, 84, 99 terminology, 21 Chicano Cultural Center, 212 children child labor and, 58 as cultural brokers, 198–99 as interpreters, 198 of migrants, 59–60, 62, 64, 71, 76, 213, 250 rearing of, 199 school performance of, 167 socialization of 210 Chinese immigration, 22 chisme, 197 Christmas tree farms, 115, 149, 161, 170, 185 church, 60, 98, 161. See also Catholic church circular migration. See migration: circular citizenship, United States, 13, 120, 144 civic activities, 156 civic representation, 155–56 co-ethnics, 212 Colegio César Chávez, 82, 84, 93. See also college collective bargaining, 82–83 college family support for, 224–26 getting to, 226–27 life at, 227–29 one-and-a-half generation students at, 228, 231 undocumented immigration status and, 226 colonial mind set in Texas, 65 colonization, 13 Colorado, 12, 15, 28, 59, 78 Columbia River, 16, 74, 140, 154, 244 276 Mexicanos in Oregon Index Commission on Migratory Labor, 59 community agencies (CBOs), 108 community centers, 55, 80, 128 community health centers, 21, 79, 154, 157 construction industry, 12, 16, 23, 75, 115, 146–47, 155, 172, 214– 15, 220, 242–43, 248 contracting process, 56, 58 contractors, 89 Council of Churches, 60 cowboy culture, 27. See also vaqueros coyotes, 103, 111, 117–18, 147, 178, 180–81, 183–84, 219 crop-land acreage, 154 cultural centers, 80, 99 cultural processes, 210 Culver, Oregon, 154–55 dairy farms, 148, 151, 153, 219–20 dairy industry, 151 Danza de los Diablitos (Dance of the Devils), 122, 122, 153 Danzantes at Festival Artístico y Cultural, 228 deportation and repatriation, 25– 31, 189–90 Día de los Muertos (Day of the Dead), 121, 124, 128 discrimination braceros and, 36 history of, 13 indigenous people and, 121, 152, 158, 251 mexicanos and, 42, 59, 128, 222, 245 reactions to, 223–24 schools and, 222, 224, 227, 232 signs and, 68 tejanos and, 65, 67, 67–68 Texas and, 36, 65, 67 See also bigotry; neo-nazis; racism; white supremacy Distrito Federal...