Index A Abbott, Samuel: conversion, 96 accommodation: between Chippewa and French, 1-2; between Chippewa, Metis, and Americans, 20-1, 49-50, 51, 87; religion, 69-70 Adams, Philo, 82, 86 Additional Court. See United States Circuit Court for Michilimackinac, Brown, and Crawford Counties Aitkin, Alfred (mission student), 120, l30, l37 Aitkin, Magdalene, 87 Aitkin, Matilda (mission student), ll4, 129, 141 Aitkin, William, 6, 83, 104; marriage, 87; supports Lake Superior mission, 128 alcohol: abuse, 74, 78-79, 80, 85; personal consumption, 78, 80; traded to Indians, 58,85 Allard, Simon, 59 alphabet: Chippewa, 118; teaching of, ll4-15 American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (A.B.C.EM.): attitude towards Indians, 41-42, 88; aUxillary societies, 83; founded, 31; Lake Superior missions, 21-24, 88; missionaries, 3134 ,129,145-49; work among Indians, 31-32 American Education Society, 37 American Fur Company: buildings, 55; contributes to mission church, 89; employees, 5, 6, 50, 56, 58-59, l30; Fond du Lac post, 175; leaves Mackinac 243 Island, l33; supportive of missions, 28; traders marry Chippewa and Metis women, xxii; 5, 87; trading activities, 3,5-7,54-56,85-86,123,130, 187n.31 American Home Missionary Society, 83 American Missionary Register, 76 American Revolution, 49, 51 Americanization: definition, xv; English language, 108-10; of fur-trade society, xiv, xxiii, 21, 47,56-67,91, 121-22, l34; of Indians, 30; of Metis children, 103, 108, ll8-24, l31; missionaries as agents, xxiii, 21, 27-30, 31, 40, 91, 99100 ; traders as agents, xxii Anderson, jane (mission student), 141; conversion, 153-54 Anderson, Rev. Rufus, 36 Anderson, Capt. Thomas, 59, 153, 165-66 Andover Seminary, 38, 39 Anishnabeg. See Chippewa Indians and Odawa Indians anti-Catholic attitudes in the United States, 98-9 arithmetic, ll3, ll4-16 Armstrong, Gen. john (Secretary of War), 58 artisanry, 120-22 Ashfield, Mass.: missionaries from Congregational Church, 32, 36, 39 Ashmun, Samuel, 83 Astor, John Jacob, 6, 55, 89 Athanasie (wife ofjean-Baptiste Cadot), 4-5 Auburn N.Y.: Presbyterian Church, 39 Auburn Seminary, 39 BATTLE FOR THE SOUL Aurora (schooner), 86, 123 Auxiliary Foreign Mission Society of Mackinac, 83 Ayer, Elizabeth. See Taylor, Elizabeth Ayer, Frederick, 145; illness, 111; at La Pointe, 21, 88,130,158,170; at Mackinac, 33; at Yellow Lake, 21-22 B Bacon, Rev. David, 49 Badin, Fr. Vincent, 91 Bailly, Joseph, 51 Ballston, N.Y.: Presbyterian Church, 213n.13 baptism,S, 6, 52, 64, 65, 73, 91, 94, 97,129, 165, 209n.35, 210n.57 Baptists: clergy, xix Baraga, Fr. Frederic, 91, 129 Barrett, Sarah (mission student), 141; death, III bateaux, 19-20, 61 bathing, 106-7 Beaubin, Lucy (mission student), 129, 141 Beaulieu, Bazil, 6, 89, 104, 127, 154 Beaulieu, Clement (mission student), 6, 120, 130, 138; marriage, 129 Beaulieu, Elizabeth (mission student), 6,14, 119,141; conversion, 127; marriage, 129; home, 130 Beaulieu, Julia (mission student), 6, 14, 119, 128,141; conversion, 127, 154-56, 157; home, 130; marriage, 129 Beaulieu, Margaret Racine (Ogenawgeeschegoquay ), 6,127,154-55 Beaulieu, Paul (mission student), 6, 120, 138 Beaulieu, Sophia (mission student), 6, 141 Bethlehem Boarding School (Pennsylvania), 56 Bible: Bible Society, 83; distributed, 83; interpretation, 94, 95, 97; memorization , 72,115,124; read from, 73, 94, 109, 115, 124, 125, 153, 155, 156-57, 160, 162, 168; stories, 160; translated, 130; used by traders, 16, 156-57 Biddle, Agatha, 51-53; 201n.20 Biddle, Edward, 51-53 Biddle, John (father to Edward), 51 244 Biddle, John (cousin to Edward), 54 Biddle, Nicholas, 53 Biddle, Sophia, 54, 63 Biddle and Drew, 130 Bingham, Rev. Abel, 73 Bissell, Catharine. See Goulais, Catharine Bissell, Josiah, Jr., 39 Black Hawk's War, 111 blacksmithing, 40,120,121,171 Blanchard, Isaac, 70 Blatchford, Henry (mission student), 130, 138 Bois Blanc Island (Michigan), 63, 78, 79,111, 120 Bonduel, Fr. Florimond, 123, 129 Book of Hymns for Infant Minds, 72 Borup, Dr. Charles William Wulff, 129 Bourassa, Eloy, 65 Boutwell, Rev. William T., 145; at La Pointe, 19,21,88, 118; marriage, 34, 129; pay debts, 40-41; perceptions of Native people, 54 Boyd, George, 56, 58-60, 122, 123 Boyd, Harriet Oohnson), 56, 57 British in Great Lakes region: enter region after 1760, xviii, 48-49; Indian agents, 57; military, 48-49, 57, 59; traders, xxii, 2 Brooklyn Collegiate Institute (New York), 39 Brown, William, 83 Brown, Pvt. James, 84 Brule River (Wisconsin), 2, 174, 175 Burbeck, Maj. Henry, 57 Bureau of Indian Affairs (Office of Indian Affairs), 57-58 C Cadot...