The JPS Bible Commentary: Ecclesiastes

ABBREVIATIONS AND OTHER CONVENTIONS

ABBREVIATIONS AND OTHER CONVENTIONS XXXVll Abbreviations AEL Avot B. BETL J. JBL Koh. R. M. MT NJPS Pes. de-R. Kah. R. R. Song Trans!. Miriam Lichtheirn, Ancient Egyptian Literature; 3 vols., Berkeley: Dniv. of California, 1973-80. Mishnah Pirke Avot Babylonian Talmud Bibliotheca ephemeridum theologicarum lovaniensium "Jerusalem" (Land of Israel) Talmud Journal ofBiblical Literature Koheleth Rabbah Mishnah Masoretic text New Jewish Publication Society translation Pesikta de-Rav Kahana (preceding a name) Rabbi (following a name ofa book) Rabbah (a midrash compilation) Song of Songs Translators (of NJPS) Hebrew Textual Variants (I(etiv and Kerey) The MT's ketiv (written tradition) and kerey (recited tradition) differ from each other for occasional words; and when reading the text aloud, the kerey is what is traditionally followed. Where differences exist, this edition first prints that word's ketiv letters in small type, followed by the vocalized kerey letters in normal text type. (This edition's biblical text is excerpted from the jPS Hebrt;W-English Tanakh [1999], as corrected in printings through 2001. For more information on the provenance and preparation of the Hebrew text, see the preface to that volume.) ABBREVIATIONS AND OlHER CONVENTIONS Transliteration ofthe Hebrew Consonants ) alef aym b bet g gimel d dalet h heh v vet, vav z zaym 1). het t tet, tav y yod k kaf kh khaf I lamed m mem n nun s samekh, sin p peh f feh tz tzadi k kof r resh sh shin Pronunciation Guide for Vowels a as infarm al as m eye e as in dent el as in hay 1 as in hit or heat 0 as in hope u as infood XXXVlll THE COMMENTARY TO ECCLESIASTES ...