Exile and Cultural Hegemony: Spanish Intellectuals in Mexico, 1939-1975

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andCultural Hegemony Spanish Intellectuals in Mexico, 1939–1975 SebaStIaan Faber Exile and Cultural Hegemony AND CULTURAL HEGEMONY Spanish Intellectuals in Mexico, 1939–1975 Sebastiaan Faber Exile V A N D E R B I L T U N I V E R S I T Y P R E S S Nashville © 2002 Vanderbilt University Press All rights reserved First Edition 2002 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Manufactured in the United States of America Publication of this volume has been supported by a generous subsidy from the Program for Cultural Cooperation between Spain’s Ministry of Education and Culture and United States Universities Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Faber, Sebastiaan, 1969Exile and cultural hegemony : Spanish intellectuals in Mexico, 1939-1975 / Sebastiaan Faber.— 1st ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8265-1422-7 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Spaniards—Mexico—Intellectual life—20th century. 2. Intellectuals—Mexico—Attitudes. 3. Pan-Hispanism. 4. Nationalism—Spain—History—20th century. 5. Politics and culture—Spain—History—20th century. 6. Spain—History— Civil War, 1936-1939—Refugees. 7. Mexico—History—20th century. 8. Frente Popular (Spain) 9. Political refugees— Mexico—History—20th century. 10. Political refugees—Spain— History—20th century. I. Title. F1392.S7 F23 2002 305.5’52’097209045—dc21 2002011655 Sólo se juzga el ayer a la luz de cuando sea y con un conocimiento de causa del que carecía el autor. No es justo. [The past is only judged in light of the present, and with a knowledge of the facts that the author did not have. It isn’t fair.] —Max Aub Exiles, émigrés, refugees, and expatriates uprooted from their lands must make do in new surroundings , and the creativity as well as the sadness that can be seen in what they do is one of the experiences that has still to find its chroniclers. . . . —Edward Said, Reflections on Exile and Other Essays ...