Willing and Unable: Doctors' Constraints in Abortion Care

Index

183 index abortion as birth control, 42–43 Catholic position on, 122–23, 170n5, 171n7 complications associated with, 72 cost of, 28 criminalization of, 10–11, 31, 139, 146–47 deaths from, 12–13 elective, 2, 159–60n3 emotional aspects of, 46–47, 68–69, 70, 76–82, 165n2 history of, 3–4, 9–13, 21–22, 139–40 incidence of, 3, 160n4 and maternal health exemption in Catholic doctrine, 122–27 medication, 35, 101–2, 152, 164n15, 169n4 as moral issue, 8–9, 41–47, 58–59, 76–82, 145–47 as outpatient procedure, 23 political dimensions of, 7–9, 49–50 public health narrative of, 81–82 referrals for, 68–69, 104–5, 142 in the second trimester, 73–75, 77–79, 80–81, 82–86, 100–101, 105–6, 107, 169n6 segregation of from mainstream medicine, 2–3, 20–30 terminology for, 160n3 therapeutic, 12, 171n9 See also miscarriage; Roe v. Wade abortion, illegal, 92 risks of, 2, 12–13, 146–47 tolerance of, 11–12 Abortion Access Project, 162–63n10 abortion care advocates for integration of, 20, 27–28, 91–92, 139–40 consequences of marginalization of, 25–30, 36 ethics of, 78–79 future of, 149–52 after Roe v. Wade, 22–25 in rural areas, 34, 35, 111 standards for, 23–24, 30–31 in the U.S. versus other countries, 149 See also abortion providers abortion clinics freestanding, 3, 4, 20, 21–22, 23, 25, 111–16, 117, 147 See also abortion providers abortionist (as problematic label), 92–93, 116 abortion methods. See dilation and curettage; dilation and evacuation; dilation and extraction; labor induction; medication abortion abortion patients empathy for, 70, 78–81, 90, 142 misconceptions about, 67–68 See also abortion care abortion practice cultural and social constraints on, 15–16, 24–25, 37–38, 52–54, 58–59, 70, 92–97, 104–10, 138–39, 145, 152 impact of managed care on, 28, 29, 36, 113–14 integration of into ob-gyn practice, 20, 27–28, 54–57, 91–92, 115–16, 148–49 184 Willing and Unable abortion practice (continued) marginalization of, 20–30, 36, 110–17, 139–40, 145 misconceptions about, 67–68 abortion providers difficulties faced by, 16–18, 24–25 federal and state regulation of, 26–27, 30–34 intimidation experienced by, 97–103 moral authority of, 145–47 shortage of, 1, 29–30, 35 stigma attached to, 48–49, 57, 71, 92–103, 116–17, 168–69n2 unwilling, 39–47 violence against, 17–18, 25–26, 49, 102–3, 165n4 willing and able, 54–58 willing but unable, 16, 47–54 willingness of, 37–38, 58, 117, 152 abortion rights, 8, 145–46, 159n2. See also Roe v. Wade abortion training, 142 as a calling, 1–2 decrease in, 28–29 integration of with other ob-gyn training, 64–65, 151 opt-out programs, 5–6, 34–35, 39–41, 61, 63–64 partial participation in, 63–71, 165n1 physicians’ ambivalence toward, 61–62, 65–66 routine, 34–35 for second-trimester abortions, 73–75, 82–83, 142 standards for, 30–31, 34–35 surgical skills acquired through, 71–76 abrupting, 167n9 Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), 29, 151, 169n7 and training standards for abortion care, 30–31, 34–35 advanced practice clinicians (APCs), 151–52, 160n7 American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ABOG), 33 American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG), 24, 29, 162n4 on conscience clauses, 32–33 on D&X procedure, 31 American Law Institute, 13 American Medical Association (AMA) and abortion, 10–11, 24, 162n5 crusade of, 10 American Public Health Association (APHA), 24, 162n4 antiabortion movement, 8, 94–96 impact of, 3 and Roe v. Wade, 14 violence associated with, 17–18, 25–26, 49, 102–3, 165n4 aspiration, 161–62n2 Association for the Study of Abortion, 13 Association of American Medical Colleges, 23 British health-care system, 4 Burke, Michael, 171n7 Bush, George W., 33, 69 Bush administration, abortion policy under, 31–32 Catholic Health Association, 119 Catholic health networks, 114, 141–42 Catholic Hospital Association, 123 Catholic hospitals, 118–19 delay of care at, 120–21, 128–29, 137 ethics committees of, 121, 127, 128, 130–35, 137, 166n3 and maternal health exemption, 122–27 and reproductive health care, 119–21, 123–24, 141–42 transporting of patients from, 128–29, 130–31 Charo, Alta, 32 choice, concept of, 62, 78, 89, 145 Cider House Rules, The (Irving), 45 Clinton, Bill, 26 Coats Amendment to the Omnibus Consolidated Rescissions...