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196 Part One Done on June 23 of the year 1684. Juan Domínguez de Mendoza (rubric). Diego Lucero de Godoy (rubric). Hernando Martín Serrano (rubric). Baltasar Domínguez de Mendoza (rubric). Notes 1. AGN, Provincias Internas, vol. 37, exp. 4, ff. 81–82. Document 45 Journal of the Expedition to Texas 1683–16841 Journal of the expedition of the east to the Tejas and Jumano [Indians], drawn up by the Maestre de Campo Juan Domínguez de Mendoza. When all the soldiers of this expedition had assembled at the Real de San Lorenzo, which is apparently twelve leagues to the east of the pueblo of Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe del Paso del Río del Norte, we set out from here on the 15th day of the month of December of the year 1683, for the discovery of the east and the kingdom of the Tejas, in the company and for the protection of the reverend father fray Nicolás López, fray Juan de Zabaleta, and fray Antonio de Acevedo. Juan Sabeata, an Indian of the Jumano nation, who had come with other captains of the same nation to ask for evangelical ministers, acted as our guide. After we had traveled five leagues toward the east, we halted where Maestre de Campo Tomé Domínguez formerly lived. There is good pasturage here on the plains of the Río del Norte, and an abundance of wood. We named it San Bartolomé. Today, 5 leagues. From here the reverend fathers went on ahead with Sabaeta. On the 16th day of December we left here, traveled seven leagues, following the river, and reached another place which we named Santísima Trinidad. Here the river runs through a narrow canyon. A watering place for the horses was found opposite a high hill upon which there was a ranchería of Suma Indians. Here a cross was set up. Today, 7 leagues. On the 17th we went on, and after traveling eight leagues down river we halted at a place which we named Nuestra Señora del Pilar de Zaragoza. Here there was a populous ranchería of Suma Indians, poor people, who Military Service Records 197 sustain themselves on mescal, which is the same as cooked palms.2 This [ranchería], and others belonging to the same nation which we found today, asked me for aid against the common enemies, the Apache nation. Some of these Sumas alleged that they were Christians, even though they were living among infidels; others, that they desired to become [Christians], and for this reason I promised to give them aid upon my return journey. 8 leagues. On the 18th we traveled eight leagues from the place called Nuestra Señora del Pilar and reached another which we named La Purísima Concepción. It is a deep arroyo which forms a stony beach where it enters the Río del Norte. This serves as watering place. There is a sheltered corner with good pasturage and sufficient wood. I placed a cross on a nearby hill. Today, 8 leagues. On the 19th we set out from the place called La Purísima, leaving the river, and after traveling about eight leagues we stopped by an arroyo with plenty of good water which we named [Nuestra Señora] de la Soledad. It is found by traveling from west to east about three leagues away from the river, which we had left to the south of us. 8 leagues. On the 20th we traveled four leagues over broken country as far as a hot spring. From here we traveled another four leagues until we reached the Río del Norte again and halted, naming the place Nuestra Señora del Tránsito. Here there are good plains abounding in pasturage and wood. Several rancherías of pagan Sumas dwell in the vicinity. Today, 8 leagues. On the 21st we traveled four leagues over good country and halted near the canyon which the Río del Norte makes here. We named the place Nuestra Señora del Buen Suceso. Today. 4 leagues. On the 22nd we left the river, traveling along a trail which leads west from here and turns east within a short distance over rough land with many thickets of mesquite, cat’s claw, and lechuguilla until it reaches the river again. We halted on its bank, having traveled about eight leagues with great difficulty. We named the place Nuestra Señora del Rosarío...

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