Index
233 IndEx Page numbers in bold type indicate photographs. African Americans, 58, 66, 185; denied rights of full citizenship, 5; and Juneteenth parades, 34; portrayal by white southerners, 12; and Queen of Soul, 143; and racial cross-dressing, 30–31; in San Antonio after Civil War, 27; and segregation, 15, 60, 64; in St. Louis, 137 Alamo, 3, 13, 19, 28, 91, 133; annual pilgrimage to, 194–95; later uses of, 18; as a male domain, 38; neglect of, 18; restoration of, 93; and stories of racial unity, 129; and tourism, 19 Alamo chapel, 56, 57, 165 Alamo Concessions, 192 Alamo Plaza, 22, 25, 26, 50, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 178 Allison, Dwight, 121 Andricks, Reynolds, 103–34, 118, 137, 180, 181; loses battle to control Fiesta, 123; maintained tight control over FSJA, 109 Anglos, 27, 60, 66, 69, 74, 81, 106, 128; changing power relations with Mexicanos, 14; conflicts with Tejanos, 4; and interethnic marriages, 5; and martyrdom at Alamo, 92; and Mexican mobility, 61; partnerships with German community, 26; playing with Mexican identity, 67; and Tejanos, 7 Aubrey, William H., 49 Austin, Stephen F., 132 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 13, 14 Ballard, W. J., 20 barbed wire: invention of, 26 Battle of Flowers, 1, 15, 18–44, 123, 163, 164; a chaotic display of social disorderliness , 21; and commercial interests, 47 Battle of Flowers Association, 1, 20, 30, 41, 55, 102, 105, 124, 158; and board of directors for Fiesta, 106; and elite women, 122; Elizabeth Ogden becomes president, 47; emulated Mexico City’s flower parades, 76; an exclusively women’s organization, 36, 48; and first parade, 104; friction with Businessmen’s Club, 40; membership policy of, 119–20; and opposition to commercial culture, 49; resigns from FSJA, 119; and womanhood, 16 Battle of Flowers Parade, 1, 2, 21, 27, 28, 31, 33, 34, 37, 41, 66–67, 69, 104, 111, 140, 163, 169, 177, 198; attendance, 170; expansion of, 39; and Fort Sam Houston, 29; and a new sociopolitical order, 43; as a women’s event, 36 beauty pageants: criticism of, 142 Bernal, Joe, 151, 156 Bichsel (police chief), 183–84 Black Masons, 64 Boothe, Joyce, 87 Bowie, Jim, 130 Boyd, Elizabeth, 54 Bozorgi, Diane Thiel, 117, 118 Brear, Holly Beachley, 13, 14 Briseño, Alex, 189 indeX 234 Burnett, Davis, 152, 158 Bush, Barbara, 167 Bushick, Frank, 48, 74, 75, 112 Canary Island fantasy, 96–98 Canary Islands, 4 Cantú, Elysiana Judith, 143 Cárdenas, José, 151 Carmichael, Stokely, 185 Carnival, 9–17, 104, 111, 126, 140, 174, 175, 178, 180, 188, 197, 198; in New Orleans, 165–66; revenue from, 176, 177; in St. Louis, 165–66 Carranza, Venustiano, 63 Carrington, John, 49, 52, 55, 56, 58, 59, 114, 120 Carvajal, Esther, 96 Casey, Rick, 160 cattle drives: and African Americans, 27 cattle trails: closing of, 26 charros, 152–55 Chicano Movement, 149, 150, 185 Chicanos, 196 chili queens, 75, 76, 81, 101 chili stands, 73–75, 83, 84, 93, 99 Cisneros, Henry, 151, 159, 160, 166; as symbol of interethnic reconciliation, 161 Cisneros, Sandra, 167 City of Flaming Adventure: The Chronicle of San Antonio (House), 131 Codina, Laura, 196 Cody, Buffalo Bill, 12 Cohen, Abner, 51 Colquitt, Oscar, 91 Communities Organized for Public Safety, 148, 150, 159 Connally, John, 172 Cornyation, 113, 114 coronation, 44–47, 45, 50–56, 66–72, 111, 113, 114, 117, 142, 165, 198 coronation queens, 72 coronation rituals, 54 Cortés, Ernie, 148, 149 Cortez, Gregorio, 62 Crane, Stephen, 74 Creoles, 9 Crockett, Davy, 130 crowd rowdiness, 174 cultural nationalism, 77, 95 Daughters of the Republic of Texas, 38, 48, 50, 56, 86, 91, 92, 105, 106, 122–25, 133, 194 Davis, Richard Harding, 23 debutante rituals, 50 De León, Arnoldo, 33 Deloria, Phil, 97 deportation, 79 De Zavala, Adina, 92; as defender of landmarks , 90; and second battle of the Alamo, 91 De Zavala, Lorenzo, 132 Díaz, Porfirio, 32, 61–62, 63, 70, 153 Dickinson, Susanna, 47 diez y seis, 34 Dolenz, Mickey, 111 donkey brigades, 30 Doria, Ray, 158 Doria, Sam, 162, 164 Douglas, Ann, 39 Douglas, Mary, 59 Downtowners, 177, 178, 179, 181 Driscoll, Clara, 90–91, 92; chosen carnival queen, 49–50 Duchess Ann, 44–45, 46 Duncan, Ray, 134 Edwards, Emily, 86, 88, 90 elite women, 122; and Texas history, 20 Elizondo, Virgil, 163 El Mercado, 170, 176, 189, 197 Esparza, Gregorio, 130, 131 ethnic interchangeability, 156 ethnic separation, 7 Eureste, Bernardo, 151, 160–61 Everett, Richard, 7 fandangos, 7, 10 La Feria...
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