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vii Contents Maps, Figures, and Tables ix Preface xi introduction 1 Part I Borders, Boundaries, and Frontier Crossers: Concepts and Background chapter 1 You Can’t Get There from Here: Rethinking Categories 15 chapter 2 Fed or Dead: Notions and Uses of Loyalty (zhong) 41 chapter 3 Crossing Boundaries and Shifting Borders: The First-generation Liao Southerners 64 Part II Working for the Liao: Life Stories chapter 4 Loyalties in the Borderlands: The Founder and the Confucian 107 chapter 5 An Emerging Boundary: Two Approaches to Serving the Liao 124 chapter 6 Drawing the Line: Rede¤nitions of Loyalty 149 conclusion Locating Borders: Then, Now, and In Between 172 viii Contents Appendix: Frontier Crossings 187 Abbreviations 211 Notes 213 Glossary 241 Bibliography 251 Index 271 ...

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