Laying Claim to the Memory of May: A Look Back at the 1980 Kwangju Uprising

Index

185 Index ACC. See American Cultural Center AFKN (American Forces Korea Network), 20, 30, 48 agent provocateurs, 167n8 ajumoni. See Mother American Cultural Center, 6; attacks on 149, 174n4; friends of, 62; reopening of 174n5 American Embassy. See U.S. government ammaejang. See graves: secret Anderson, Terry, 47, 165n6 anniversary: celebration of xviii–xix, 32; chairman of, 102, 135–136; events, xix, 99, 169n3; Events Committee for, 135, 155, 158; KCS activities at, 138–141, 142–143; national commemoration of, 103–105, 116–117, 120–122, 160; in 1989, 116; in 1998, 99–105, 120, 130, 139–140, 156, 161–162; in 1995, v, xvii–ix, 116– 117, 135–136, 139; in 1997, 120, 121, 130, 140–141, 153, 155 in 1996, 119, 130, 139; tone of, xviii, xix, 108, 152, 155, 157–158; in 2000, ix, 135. See also Democratic Drivers’Day; Eve Fest; rituals; Sacred Sites’ Pilgrimage anti-Americanism, 59, 68, 148–149, 157 Asian Human Rights Charter, 139–140, 174n4 Association of Detained (AD), 103, 132, 173n29 autonomy (national), 148, 149 Baker, Donald, 56 Bereaved Families’ Association (BFA): for those who died later, 124–125; government oppression of 113–115; history of, 112–113, 172n16; political activism by, 114–116; political displacement of 120–122 “Black Beret” special forces. See paratroopers brutality. See paratroopers: brutality of; violence; massacres censorship (government): 168n2; during 5.18, 4–5; of Kwangju during Fifth Republic, 60, 75–76, 93, 165n3, 172n8 ch’aryang siwi. See vehicle demonstrations Cheju Uprising, 119, 173n17 chesa, 117, 119, 123. See also rituals chinsang kyumyöng. See Finding the Truth Cho A-ra, 28, 64, 146 Cho Kyöng-suk. See Mother Ch’oe Mi-ae, 23 Choi Kyu-ha, 5, 39, 45, 59 Chölla region: anti-government sentiment in, vii, 109; discrimination against xvi–xvii, 5, 13, 91–92; and 5.18, 30, 61. See also regionalism chonyaje. See Eve Fest Chun Doo Hwan: ef¤gy of, 41; and 5.18, 39; repression of free speech, 76; 186 Index seizure of power, 5, 59; trial of, 87– 88; visit to U.S., 89 church groups: role of, 28, 80 citizens (Kwangju): arming of, 20, 23, 27; attitudes of, 7–8, 13, 15, 18, 26–27 38, 40, 41; numbers at demonstrations , 3–4, 15, 20, 27, 165n1; mass rallies by, 29, 33, 40, 49, 81; participation by, 79–82, 144–145; resistance by, 3, 7, 9–10, 15, 41; role in 1990s, 102–103; turning in weapons , 28, 32–33, 38, 43, 49. See also Settlement Committee citizens’ militia. See simin’gun citizens’ movement. See civil society civil servants: role of, 7–8, 38, 40–41, 62, 80 civil society (Korea), xix, 109–110, 153, 160–161 compensation: controversy over, 132– 133, 141–142; for victims, 39–40, 114, 122, 127–128, 172n15 con¶ict resolution (Korea), 85 Confucianism, 118–119 cultural scenarios, 85 Cumings, Bruce, 92–93, 148 curfew: imposition of, 4 dead (5.18 victims): compensation claims for, 127–128; by date of death, 20, 54; memorial service for, 50; by occupation, 12, 16, 145; reports of during 5.18, 6, 21, 27, 30, 43, 50, 112; since 1980, 70, 125; statistics on, 69, 173n22. See also Bereaved Families’ Association; graves; rituals; victims December 12 (1979) coup, 6 democracy: aspirations for, 6, 82, 90; 5.18 and movement for, 103, 108– 109, 115, 147–149; Kwangju as Mecca of, 108, 138 Democratic Drivers’ Day, 15–17, 159– 160, 176n15 detained (5.18 victims), 131–134; in aftermath of 5.18, 55, 57, 62–67; during 5.18, 10, 28–29, 33, 35, 39, 43; statistics on, 39, 63, 173n22. See also Association of Detained; victims Eleventh Brigade, 7. See also paratroopers Eve Fest, xviii, 99, 156 farmers’ band, xviii, 100 Father (in author’s Kwangju household), 5, 11, 25, 38, 53, 62 Fifth Republic: beginning of, 60; and 5.18, 75–77, 111; see also Chun Doo Hwan; censorship; Bereaved Families Association: political oppression of¤lial piety, 115, 123 Finding the Truth, 5, 39, 114–115, 132, 142 5.18. See Kwangju Uprising 5.18 Democratization Cemetery, 104, 105, 107, 70–71, 121–122; burial in, 125 5.18 Democratization Movement. See Kwangju Uprising 5.18 History Compilation Committee, x–xi 5.18 Memorial Foundation, 136–137, 174n3. See also civil society 5.18 Movement: composition of, 171n1, 107, 111, 146; divisions within, 136–137, 142, 146, 171n4; leadership of 109–110, 111, 147, 155 foreigners: evacuation of, 46; role of, 44...