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academies: suppression of, 133–135, 187nn.28, 31, 191n.38. See also Donglin Chongzhen emperor, 146; dismantles Wei Zhongxian regime, 151–155; and the Ni an (Treason Case), 156; opposes thorough purge, 159; on partisanship, 163–164; and the Sanchao yaodian, 157–159 Cui Chengxiu, 127, 129–130, 146, 148–149, 158; dismissal and suicide, 151–153 Donglin: academy, 134, 160; defined, 1, 192n.51; and Grand Secretariat appointments , 46–48, 58–59; ideas, 124; leadership, 71; and Madame Ke, 41–43; and Manchuria, 50; program for China, 31–32, 160–161; protest compared to Tiananmen, 2–5, 7, 168–169; in retrospect , 164–169; and Shoushan academy, 53–58, 133, 177n.82; sources, 5; and the Three Cases, 20, 27, 29, 58, 73, 83, 131–134, 157–159, 166 Eastern Depot. See Wei Zhongxian Embroidered-uniform Guard, 101 Fang Congzhe (Grand Secretary), 17, 21–22, 25–27, 45, 47, 176n.61 fasi (Censorate, Court of Judicial Review, Ministry of Justice), 51, 53, 97–98, 100, 114, 120 Feng Congwu, 134; and Shoushan academy, 53–57, 177n.82 Feng Quan (Grand Secretary), 126–129, 187n.9 Gao Panlong, 82, 103–104, 129–130, 153, 160–162, 192n.52; suicide, 107–108 2 0 5 Grand Secretariat: appointments to, 46–48, 58–59, 176n.61; decline of, 130; and rescript drafting, 46 Gu Bingqian (Grand Secretary), 58, 82, 90–91, 112, 114, 131–132, 135 Gu Dazhang (Donglin martyr), 52–53, 84, 94, 97–98, 183n.102 Han Kuang (Grand Secretary), 19, 22, 39–40, 76, 78, 80–82 Huang Zongxi, 122, 157, 165, 192nn.55, 58 Huang Zunsu (Donglin martyr), 51, 65, 73–74, 79–80, 103, 130, 173n.40, 180n.32; arrest, 111, 113; imprisonment , 122; posthumous rehabilitation, 157 Hucker, Charles O., 1, 75 Huo Weihua, 34, 146 Jurchens. See Manchus Ke, Madame, 35–37, 44, 75, 89, 145, 151, 174nn.10, 11; death, 155–156; Donglin attack on, 41–43 Li, Lady, 20, 36, 92, 173n.39; as focus of partisan fighting, 26–29; role in the Palace Case, 21–26, 100, 132 Li Shi, 103–104, 157, 184n.13 Li Yingsheng (Donglin martyr), 65, 80–82, 103, 105, 130; arrest, 106–107; imprisonment, 114, 122–123 Liu Duo, 136–138 Liu Zongzhou, 43, 104, 113, 161–162, 164 Manchus, 6, 32, 49–50, 141 Miao Changqi (Donglin martyr), 74, 76–77, 81–82, 106, 126, 179n.4; arrest, 102–103, 105; ideas, 124; imprisonment , 113–114 Index . 2 0 6 I N D E X Ni Yuanlu, 158–159, 191n.38 Partisanship: debates about, 160–164 Prince of Xin. See Chongzhen emperor Ruan Dacheng, 65–66, 160, 176n.61 Sanchao yaodian (Essential canon of three reigns), 129, 131, 157–159 Shoushan academy. See Donglin Sun Chengzong, 37–38, 82–83, 88 Sun Qifeng, 88–89, 95, 115, 117, 119 Sun Ruyou, 22, 46–48 Sun Shenxing, 19, 58, 192n.51 Suzhou riot. See Zhou Shunchang Taichang emperor. See Zhu Changluo Tianqi emperor, 20, 21, 23, 150; children of, 145; and dissent, 135, 138; and Donglin, 97, 143; education, 37–39, 45; final edict, 149; government policies , 124–126, 140–141; illnesses, 145–147; and Lady Li, 26–28; and Madame Ke, 35; pastimes, 144–145; retrospective on, 166; and Wanggongchang explosion, 117–118 Wan Jing, 77–78, 137, 140 Wang An, 24, 32–34, 36–37, 60, 92, 159–160 Wang Huazhen, 32, 50–53 Wang Wenyan, 33, 136, 160, 181n.58; interrogations of, 70, 83–85; life and career, 66–68 Wanli emperor, 9, 14, 16, 21, 162 Wei Dazhong (Donglin martyr), 19, 64–65, 165; arrest, 84, 88–89, 109; attack on Wei Guangwei, 81; fundraising for, 88, 95–97; impeached, 68–70; imprisonment, 92–94; persecution of family, 99 Wei Guangwei (Grand Secretary), 58–63, 82, 163; and arrests of Donglin, 90, 128; attempted impeachment of, 81, 130; and the “Twenty-four Crimes” memorial, 76 Wei Xueyi, 88–89, 91, 94–96, 99–100 Wei Zhongxian: as co-ruler, 141; and Cui Chengxiu, 130, 150; dismissal and suicide , 152–155; and Donglin arrests, 90–91, 103; early life, 35–37; and Eastern Depot, 101, 136, 139; and Feng Quan, 127; and Guo Gong, 59–62; and palace entertainments, 44; and palace reconstruction, 140–141; and Shoushan academy, 57; and Sun Chengzong, 82; and Suzhou riot, 112–113; temples, 141–144, 150, 157; and Tianqi’s death, 146–149; tomb, 77; and the “Twenty-four Crimes” memorial , 75–77, 127; and Wen Zhenmeng, 39–40...

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