Haoles in Hawaii

Index

121 Index agriculture: industrial, 15, 25; subsistence , 24 ‘āina, 14–15, 65 Akaka bill, 87 Aloha Clubs, 45 “Aloha for All,” 69 aloha spirit, 63–65, 69, 84, 93, 99 Americanization, 11, 29–30, 40, 41, 79, 94 Anglo, 35, 55, 73, 74. See also Caucasian annexation, 12, 19, 28, 29, 31, 57, 94, 100, 101; Committee of, 39; 1898 Resolution, 86; process and resistance , 21–25; racism and, 39–41; treaty, 21, 23 Aotearoa, 3, 32, 102 Arakaki v. Lingle, 92 Ariyoshi, Gov. George, 67 assimilation, 30, 42. See also Americanization Big Five, 29 Bingham, Rev. Hiram, 18, 26, 37 Bishop, Princess Bernice Pauahi, 89, 94 Blaisdell, Kekuni, 51 blood quantum, 43, 76, 99, 105n3 Burgess, H. William, 69, 92–93, 99 capitalism, 8, 12, 14, 27, 40, 101; as means of colonization, 24–26 cartography, 14–15 Caucasian, 9, 35, 47, 53, 59, 61, 72, 74, 94; Portuguese as, 55–56; socioeconomic data about, 96–97. See also Anglo Chabram-Dernersesian, Angie, 35 Christianity, 34, 40; conversion to, 27, 39, 48–49 citizenship, 42–43 civil rights movement, 90 colonization: and capitalism, 24–26; contemporary, 28–31; defined, 13; language and communication, 26–28; law and politics, 18–24; processes of, 13–16; religion, 16–18; theory of inevitability, 40; trauma of, 14, 85. See also resistance colorblind ideology, 3, 8, 9, 46, 53, 69, 78, 87–88 Cook, Capt. James, 3, 5, 8, 17, 33, 35, 52, 101; as “discoverer,” 11, 13–15, 36; as a god, 48–49 counterdiscourse (also counternarrative), 22, 34–35, 47–48, 56–57, 74, 77, 102 critical whiteness studies, ix, 7, 105n7 Cruz, Lynette, 23–24 Daniel, Marcus, 90 death, mass, ix, 16–17 Department of Education (DOE), 79, 94 Department of Hawaiian Homelands (DHHL), 86, 87, 93 depopulation. See death, mass discovery, ix, 11, 13–15, 36 discrimination: alleged against nonlocals, 68, 87, 92–93, 100; against Asians, 41–42; legal protections against, 89. See also racial conflict discourse 122 index educational inequality, 96 ethnic switching, 45, 51 Ferguson, Kathy, 37, 71 Filipinos, 26, 67 gender, 17, 80, 81, 103 genealogy, 14–16, 90, 99 genocide, 17, 87. See also death, mass geography, 14–15 Goemans, John, 84, 90–91 “going native,” 43, 47, 66 “Great Dying.” See death, mass gringo, 5, 32, 102 Hall, Lisa Kahaleole, 44 Halualani, Rona Tamiko, 45–46, 65 hānai, 51, 89–90 haole: allies, 50–51; dynamic social construction, 33–34; etymology, 58, 59–60, 61; Kanaka Maoli constructions of, 48–51; local constructions of, 8, 34–35, 47–48, 50, 51–57, 59; mainland, 5, 53, 73; oligarchy, ix, 9, 16, 23, 24–25, 27–29, 63, 65, 91, 101; parsing, 54–55; performative , 8, 35, 72, 74, 80; scholarship about, 5–6; victimization, 2, 8, 9, 58, 76–79, 82, 86, 88, 93, 100, 102 hapa, 34–35, 42–43, 46, 102 hate crimes, 77, 78–83 “Hawaiian at heart,” 34–35, 42–45, 58, 102 Hawaiian historiography, 6, 11–12, 19, 22–23, 26, 36 Hawaiian Homes Commission Act, 42, 86 Hawaiian Kingdom. See Kingdom of Hawai‘i Hawaiian language, 3, 12, 19, 22, 45, 60, 73–74, 94, 101; ban on, 27, 108n5 Hawai‘i Civil Rights Commission, 59–61, 73 Hawai‘i Creole English (HCE), 30, 35, 46, 47, 51–54, 59, 74, 80, 103 Hawai‘i Sugar Planters Association, 41 Hawai‘i Visitors Bureau, 63, 78 HCE. See Hawai‘i Creole English honky, 5, 102 immigrant groups: Asian, 7, 13, 22, 29–30, 41; other than Asian, 5, 8, 25, 33, 52, 59, 101. See also haole; Japanese; Portuguese; Puerto Rican immigration, 67, 71, 106n9 incarceration, 50, 97 indigeneity, 43, 66, 68, 71, 75, 84, 87 indigenous: appropriation of culture, 8, 42–45, 47, 65, 69; people, 3, 9, 31–32, 50, 97, 102; politics, xii, 6, 66, 77, 90, 92 Inouye, Sen. Daniel, 96–97 intermarriage, 43, 64–66 Japanese, 26, 30, 33, 40, 51, 60; power of, 9, 53, 66, 67 kama‘āina, 34–35, 42–44, 102 Kamakau, Samuel Mānaiakalani, 24, 49, 106n8 Kame‘eleihiwa, Lilikalā, 26, 51 Kamehameha I, King, 19, 24, 89 Kamehameha Schools, 5, 69, 84, 87, 92, 94, 95–96; lawsuits against, 89–93 Kanaka Maoli: definition and demographics , 3, 5, 31; governance precontact, 19; identity and culture, 14–15, 16–17, 26; scholars, 12, 23, 32; socioeconomic data, 93–99; “special relationship” with state, 86–87 Kauanui, J. Kēhaulani, 41–42 “kill haole day,” 77–81 Kingdom...