Haoles in Hawaii

Hawaiian-Language Glossary

109 Hawaiian-Language Glossary Note: The translations given here are abbreviations from the Pukui-Elbert Hawaiian-language dictionary focused on usage in this book (Pukui and Elbert 1986). ‘āina land, earth akua god, goddess, spirit, ghost, devil aloha  love, affection, compassion, mercy, sympathy, pity, kindness , sentiment, grace, charity ali‘i chief, chiefess, officer, ruler hānai foster child, adopted child; foster, adopted haole  white person, American, Englishman, Caucasian; American , English; formerly, any foreigner; foreign, introduced , of foreign origin, as plants, pigs, chickens [In this book, my usage of “haole” employs native Hawaiian, Hawai‘i Creole English, and postmodern meanings. I use it to reference white people, but more broadly, whiteness in Hawai‘i, i.e., the power that has accrued through colonization, as well as identity, culture, ideology, and performance.] hapa  portion, fragment, part, fraction, installment; to be partial , less; of mixed blood, person of mixed blood ka ‘ōlelo ‘ōiwi  the native language of the Kanaka Maoli kalo  taro, a kind of aroid cultivated since ancient times for food, spreading widely from the tropics of the Old World kama‘āina native-born, one born in a place, host Kanaka Maoli  full-blooded Hawaiian person [In this book, I am using a more contemporary definition to include all native Hawaiians, regardless of blood quantum.] 110 glossary kaona hidden meaning, as in Hawaiian poetry kapu taboo, prohibition; forbidden; sacred koko blood Kū‘ē to oppose, resist, protest kuleana right, privilege, concern, responsibility kumulipo  origin, genesis, source of life, mystery; name of the Hawaiian creation chant kupuna  grandparent, ancestor, relative or close friend of the grandparent’s generation, grandaunt, granduncle lāhui nation, tribe, people, nationality limu general name for all kinds of plants living under water lo‘i irrigated terrace, especially for taro Lono one of the four major gods brought from Kahiki luna foreman, boss, leader, overseer, supervisor maka‘āinana  commoner, populace, people in general; citizen, subject mālama ‘āina  to take care of, tend, attend, care for, preserve, protect, beware, save, maintain the land, earth mana supernatural or divine power mana‘o thought, idea, belief, opinion, theory mele  song, anthem, or chant of any kind (also poetry, per Noenoe Silva) mo‘olelo story, tale, myth, history, tradition, literature, legend ‘ohana family, relative, kin group; related oli chant that was not danced to pau finished, ended, through, terminated pono  goodness, uprightness, morality, moral qualities, correct or proper procedure, excellence, well-being, prosperity, welfare, benefit, behalf, equity, sake, true condition or nature puka hole ...