Sikhism

Index

Index Page numbers in boldface refer to illustrations. academia, Sikhs and, xx, 89–90 Adi Granth, 1, 3, 6, 23, 63, 73. See also Guru Granth Sahib Akalis, 43–44 Akal Purakh (Eternal Being), x–xi, 1–2, 4, 5, 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22, 28, 37, 48–51, 58, 59, 60, 64, 73 Akal Takht (Immortal Throne), 29, 31, 46, 70, 114 Akand Kirtani Jatha, 109 Akbar, Emperor, 27, 28 Alaap (Bhangra group), 94 Alien Land Law, 102 amritdhari (initiated Sikhs), 67, 68 amrit sanskar (ritual), 65–66 Amritsar, xi, xviii, 2, 23, 25, 27, 40, 43, 51, 56, 57 Anandpur, 34, 35, 36, 38, 57 Anandpur Sahib Resolution, 45–46 Angad, Guru, xv, 3, 21, 23–24, 30, 73, 74. See also Lehna anhad shabad (unstruck melody), xxi apostasy, 67 ardas (prayers of remembrance), xx, 54 Arjan, Guru, xv, 2, 26–28, 29, 30, 47, 57, 68 arranged marriage. See marriage practices arts, Sikhs and the, 90 asceticism, 18, 20, 30, 39, 42, 51, 60, 61, 73, 105, 109 Aurangzeb, Emperor, 6, 31, 33, 38 authority, sources of in Sikhism, xix, 24–25, 26, 31, 36, 37, 38–39, 52–53, 69–71, 72, 105, 114 Bahadur, Banda (Madho Das), 39, 68 Baisakhi (festival), 24, 35, 43, 56, 94 bangle. See kara bani (utterance). See gurbani Bedi, Kalu, 12–13 Bein (river), xvii, 15 beliefs, Sikh, 16, 40, 41, 42, 44, 48–51, 82, 93. See also festivals; marriage practices; panj kakar; religious practices; worship Bellingham (Washington) Riots of 1907, 102 Bhajan, Yogi, 109–111 Bhakti movement, 18, 48 Bhangra (music and dance), 93–95 Bhattra (caste), 87 Bhindranwale, Sant Jarnail Singh, 46, 68, 69 126 Index birth, 4, 7, 24, 49, 51, 60–61, 66, 76. See also naming practices birthrates, India, 73 British rule, Sikhs under, xv, xix, xx, 40, 41, 43, 44, 68, 83, 85, 91, 97, 102, 103, 106 Buddha, Gautama, 11 camp movement, Sikh, 86 cannabis consumption, 108 caste, xviii, 5, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23, 25, 27, 29, 35, 38, 41, 42, 54, 58, 73, 78, 80–82, 87, 88, 92–93, 95, 100, 107, 110, 113. See also Bhattra; Dalits; Jat; Khatri; Mazhabi; Ramgarhia; Ravidasi celebrations. See Bhangra; festivals celibacy, 61, 109 ceremonies. See rituals charan amrit (initiation ritual), 19, 26 charan pahul. See charan amrit Chauhan, Jagjit Singh, 101 code of conduct, Sikh. See Sikh Reht Maryada comb. See kangha Commonwealth Immigration Act, 92 community kitchen. See langar confederacy period, 39–40, 58, 75 conflict, intra-Sikh, 30, 32, 33, 75, 87, 93, 99, 100, 106, 113. See also discrimination, caste-based; discrimination, gender-based; Khalistan consolidation of the Sikh community , 24, 33, 35 “continuous journey” requirement (for Canadian immigration), 97 conversion: away from Sikhism, 91; refusal of Sikhs to convert to other religions, 33, 68; to Sikhism , 91, 110, 115 cremation, 22, 64 cyberspace. See Internet, Sikhs and the dagger. See kirpan Dalits (untouchable caste), 81–82 dance. See Bhangra Das, Guru Amar, xv, 2, 24–25, 73, 74 Dasam Granth (writings of Guru Gobind Singh), x, 6, 70 dating, 88, 116 Dayal, Baba, 105–106 Dayal, Har, 102–103 death, 7, 24, 49, 51, 64–65. See also cremation; martyrdom; widow burning; widowhood devotional expressions in song, 4, 27, 51. See also hymns; kirtan; music; musicians devotional life of Sikhs, xx, 4, 6, 25, 27, 32, 33, 52, 53, 76 dharmsala, 19, 51. See also gurdwaras Dhillon, Baltej Singh, 100 diaspora, Sikh, 47, 55, 65, 71, 84–87, 113, 115, 116; family patterns in, 72, 87–89; and legal and/or social norms in host country, 88–89, 100–101; marriage and kinship patterns in, 87–89; political involvement in host country, 87; women of, 76. See also Bhangra; identity markers; migration, patterns of discrimination, caste-based, 29, 38, 41, 80–82, 87, 93, 110; Sikh rejection of, xviii, 5, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 23, 35, 42, 54, 58, 73, 80, 93, 95, 100. See also caste; Dalits Index 127 discrimination, gender-based, 37, 61, 63, 64, 66, 72–73, 74, 76–77, 79–80, 89, 110; Sikh rejection of, 5, 18, 20, 43, 65, 73, 75, 95, 100, 107, 110. See also gender discrimination, racial and/or religious : against Sikhs, 92, 93, 94, 96–97, 102, 103, 104; connected to 9/11, 68, 104, 115–116; Sikh responses to, 99, 102–103, 104, 115–116. displacement, Sikh experiences...