Gender on the Edge: Transgender, Gay, and Other Pacific Islanders

Index

375 Index activism. See human rights adolescence. See youth adoption. See kinship: fictive age, 63, 82 Altman, Dennis, 20–21, 40, 176, 294 authenticity: in French Polynesia, 34, 37, 43 Barth, Fredrik, 7 Beyer, Georgina, 256–257 body, 173–175; modification, 17–18, 94, 99, 106, 109, 129, 137, 350, 261, 350, 361, 364 breast enlargement. See body: modification Chinese, 95, 112n4 Chodorow, Nancy, 124 Christianity, 4, 335; in Fiji, 269, 273, 288n25, 307; in French Polynesia, 98; in Marshall Islands, 187, 189; Methodist Church of Fiji, 278–279, 299, 307, 317n8; Methodist Church of New Zealand, 4; Micronesian Seminar, 189–190, 206n4; New Methodists of Fiji, 312–313; in Papua New Guinea, 329, 337–338; in Samoa, 76, 85, 245–246, 347–348, 354, 360, 361; in Tonga, 225, 227, 347–348, 354, 360, 361 Chuuk, 187 circumcision, 88n1 citizenship, 188–189, 207n12, 222, 232, 268, 269, 274–276, 286n7, 341, 353 class, social, 21; in Fiji, 179–180; in Samoa, 65 clothing: in Fiji, 172–175, 178; in French Polynesia, 35–36, 44–45; in Papua New Guinea, 332, 333; in Samoa, 66; in Tonga, 226 colonialism, 3, 10–11, 23–24; in Fiji, 270, 275, 277, 302; in French Polynesia, 40–42, 48–49, 104–107; in Marshall Islands, 186–187, 190–191; in Papua New Guinea, 335–336, 338–339; in Samoa, 71, 351; in Tonga, 351 “coming out,” 47, 141, 196–198 constitution: of Fiji, 298–300, 303, 308 Cook Islands, 5, 8, 164–165 cosmology, 86, 127 coups: political, 298–299, 307 cross-dressing. See clothing development: in Tonga, 221–222, 233–234, 235–236 diaspora. See migration drag shows. See shows Drodrolagi Movement, 273, 314–315 Drozdow-St. Christian, Douglass, 77, 83 empowerment, 216, 222, 235, 236, 238n7 ethnicity, 7 fa‘afafine (Samoa), 8–9, 56–72, 73–88, 115–132, 245–246 fa‘ateine. See fa‘afafine fale aitu. See theater: fale aitu comedy family. See kinship Fanaafi Le Tagaloa, Aiono, 117 fashion. See clothing 376 Index Fiji, 162–183, 266–292, 293–322. See also Indo-Fijians Foucault, Michel, 49, 135 French Polynesia, 5, 11, 12–13, 33–53, 93–114 friendship, 5, 64–65, 191, 194, 199, 201–203, 215–216, 229–232 gay (Papua New Guinea), 325–328, 330–335 gay and lesbian, 172, 178–180. See also human rights glamour, 44–45, 58 globalization, 17–21, 44–45, 215–216, 228–229, 294–295 gossip, 186 Hau‘ofa, ‘Epeli, 3 Hawai‘i, 7, 135–161 heterosexuality, 39, 52n9, 130–131, 165, 269–270, 272, 274; compulsory, 2 HIV prevention, 18–20; in Fiji, 296–297, 300, 305–311, 312, 314; in Papua New Guinea, 323–325, 327, 332, 340; in Tonga, 222, 232–233, 235, 238n7 homonationalism, 278 homosexuality, ritualized, 22, 166, 329, 336 hormones. See body: modification human rights, 293, 304, 314, 353–354; organizations in Fiji, 297–298, 300, 301–304, 306, 314; organizations in Samoa, 84; translation of, 302, 317n7; United Nations declarations of, 294, 350 humor, 59, 66, 75, 169, 241–265. See also theater: fale aitu comedy hybridity, 206n7, 242–244 Indo-Fijians, 163, 275, 298–299, 302, 304 intersex, 5, 365 Israel, 278, 284 Japan, 102–103, 191, 193, 207n9, 207n13 jerā (Marshall Islands), 201–205 kakōļ (Marshall Islands), 192–198 kinship, 5, 61, 66–67, 78–79, 108–109, 120–122, 140–149, 349; fictive, 63–64, 67–69, 109, 146–147, 149–156, 201–204, 328; and the law, 356–358, 362; terminology, 121–122, 349. See also marriage labor: in French Polynesia, 35, 44, 46, 52n11; in Papua New Guinea, 330, 336; in Samoa, 81–82 Laughing Samoans, 246–250 law, 323–346, 347–370 lesbian, 255–256; advocacy, 296–297, 298. See also gay and lesbian Levy, Robert, 12–13, 37–38, 51n4, 51n7, 75, 96, 132n6 Mageo, Jeannette, 12, 76–77, 166–167, 245–246, 261n3 māhū (Hawai‘i and French Polynesia), 16, 33–53, 93–112, 135–159 māhūwahine. See māhū Malinowski, Bronislaw, 12 Maori, 6, 256, 262n9 marriage, 78, 86, 128, 129, 131, 203, 225, 331, 349, 356–358, 360; same-sex, 15, 140, 349–350, 366. See also kinship Marshall Islands, 184–209 masculinity, 23, 78–80, 117, 119–120, 122–128, 170–172, 252–255 Massad, Joseph, 21, 190, 363 McMullin, Dan Taulapapa, 14 Mead, George Herbert, 71n1 Index 377 Mead, Margaret, 12, 126–127 medicine. See...