Death, Mourning, and the Afterlife in Korea: Ancient to Contemporary Times

Index

259 Index Amitābha, 44–46, 55n. 103, 87 ancestor rites: Confucian, 1, 2, 10, 174, 188n. 14, 214, 227, 229; Protestant , 11; shamanic, 15; syncretic, 5, 138 Ansan Kim, 39 Arang, 176, 185 autopsy, 57, 58, 60, 64, 69, 76n. 6 Biographical Chronology of Sŏp’o: and Buddhism, 191; connection to A Nine Cloud Dream, 17, 190, 195–196, 198–199, 200, 206; discovery of, 195 Board of Punishments (Hyŏngjo), 138 Board of Rites (Yejo), 158, 161, 209n. 27 bones: pacification of, 43; preservation of, 90–92 Book of Divining the Requital of Good and Evil Actions, 31 Buddhism: and ancestor rites, 5, 9–10; and A Nine Cloud Dream, 191–195, 199, 202–207; and cremation , 22, 29, 30, 41, 44, 45, 48, 84, 87; and funerary rites, 7, 14, 24, 43, 47–48, 159; and popular beliefs of afterlife in Korea, 23, 174, 194; and syncretism, 7, 137, 138, 148 burial: double, 22, 140; forest, 31, 53n. 47; primary, 42; secondary, 25–27, 29–31, 34, 41–43, 48, 90–92; temporary, 25–26, 29, 41, 51n. 20; traditional, 29, 41, 52n. 38, 70, 157; wind, 25, 84, 86–88, 105 cakravartin, 33, 53n. 57 Catholicism: abandonment of, 213, 218–219; afterlife, 214–218, 219– 223; ancestor rites, 214; conflict with Confucianism, 10–11; and hell, 214, 217–219, 226, 229, 231, 232n. 20, 234n. 54; and martyrdom , 17, 214–215, 220–223; scholarly interest, 192–193; and virginity , 223–226 Chajang, 24–25, 27, 29, 31 Ch’angdŏkkung palace, 116 Chang-hwa Hong-ryŏn-jŏn, 185 chapkwi, 144, 150 chesa, 16, 156, 181 China: burial practices, 30, 32, 34, 46; and Ch’oe Pu, 164; and Chosŏn 260 / Index China (continued) embassies, 161; and Confucianism, 156; and cremation, 22, 30–31, 41, 48; and iconography, 95, 108n. 21; and Kim Man-jung, 192, 200; mortuary customs, 17, 92, 107n. 13; and punishment of corpses, 160; and Silk Letter, 220, 234n. 45 Chinogwi Kut, 16, 141, 144–150, 151 Chinp’yo, 25 Cho Chun, 156 Cho Mansik, 125 Ch’oe Ch’i-wŏn, 182–183 Ch’oe Yŏng, 147, 154n. 40 Chŏlchung, 27, 34, 40 Chŏn Myŏng-se, 125 Chŏng Chi-sang, 177–178 Chŏng Mong-ju, 156 Chŏng To-jŏn, 156 chŏn’gi, 172 Chongmyo, 116 Chŏngsalli Battle, 120 Chŏngsun, Queen Dowager, 219 chŏnt’ong changpŏp, 29 Chu Si-gyŏng, 125, 133n. 38 Chugyo yoji (Essentials of Catholicism ), 216, 229–230 Ch’ungdam, 26 Chungjong, King, 155, 161 coffin, interment of, 15, 26, 30, 84, 86, 110n. 49, 159 coffins, motifs on, 95; slate, 88; stone, 26–28, 42, 90 Confucianism: and afterlife, 139, 174, 191, 218–219, 229–230; ancestor rites, 1–2, 5; and Christianity, 11; conflict with Buddhism, 7–8, 17, 44, 158–159, 193; conflict with Catholicism, 10, 213–214, 218– 219, 229–230; conflict with shamanism , 8; criticism of funerary customs, 94; and filial piety, 9, 130, 138, 140, 152n. 3, 225; and Kuunmong, 195, 196–198, 202, 204, 207, 211n. 37; mortuary rites, 7, 8, 16, 41, 46, 84, 85, 139, 142, 156, 181; mourning rites, 30; as ruling ideology, 138, 166–167, 172, 187, 191, 192; syncretism, 6, 7, 137, 138, 142, 174 cremated remains: dispersal of, 33; enshrinement of, 33, 40 cremation: in Buddhist mortuary rites, 7, 22–23, 30, 42–43, 44, 48, 50n. 12, 52n. 37, 53n. 57, 55n. 103, 87; in China, 30–31, 41, 44, 48, 53n. 47; in Chosŏn, 167n. 16; and Confucianism, 91, 156, 157–158, 166; in Koryŏ, 14, 40, 42, 44, 46– 47, 48, 56n. 115, 84, 105, 108n. 18; as purification of bones, 30; in Silla, 14, 24–25, 29, 32–35, 37–38, 50n. 14; in South Korea, 59, 68, 70–72; and Three Stages sect, 31; and transporting corpses, 41; versus burial, 21, 29; versus promession, 73 cremation grave, 37 Dallet, Charles, 223, 233n. 37, 234n. 67 dāna, 32 Daoism: in Kim Man-jung’s view, 202, 204, 211n. 47; in Kuunmong, 192–193, 198, 202, 204–205, 211n. 37 Daoist worldviews, 88, 95, 96, 202, 220 dead: ordinary, 35; special, 34, 35, 101, 141, 145 death: and grieving, 4, 11, 142–143; and laughter, 142–143; tragic, 141 Diamond Sutra, 201–203, 205, 210n. 32 Ebrey, Patricia, 41 epitaphs: of Hŏ Chae, 42; of Im Ik-don, 92, 98; of Koryŏ elites, 88...