The Diplomacy of Nationalism: The Six Companies and China's Policy toward Exclusion

Index

Index “Address to the People of the United States, An,” 81, 91–92 Ah Nyom, 68 Ah Sam, 76, 86 Ah Shang, 165n.83 Alvord, William, 84 American Asiatic Association, 126, 131 Angell, James B., 109–110 Angell Treaty, 107, 110, 114, 144 anti-Chinese movement, 110, 132; and Chinese merchants, 59–63, 99–101; and modern Chinese nationalism, 138, 141; and Six Companies, 1, 3, 4, 52, 78, 94, 135, 139–140 Arrow War, 17, 19 Arthur, Chester A., 114–115 Asing, Norman, 25–26, 28, 32, 36, 37 Atlantic Monthly, 42, 72 “Attitude of the United States towards the Chinese, The,” 128–129 Bayard, Thomas F ., 102, 112, 115, 117, 118 Bayard-Zhang Treaty, 111–112, 144, 183n.112 Bee, Ferderick A., 58, 185n.6; and Qing legation, 100, 102, 105, 106–107, 108–109, 112–113, 116, 120, 181n.72; and Six Companies, 64, 80, 82, 84–85, 86–88, 92, 98–99 Beijing, 49, 51, 67, 82, 109, 111, 121 Bigler, John, 23, 26, 31–35 Bin Chun mission, 49 Blaine, James G., 60, 102, 115, 121 Board of Supervisors of San Francisco, 84, 86–87, 89 Booker, William Lane, 70 Brewer, David Josiah, 124 Brooks, B. S., 58, 73, 88, 91, 176n.77 Browne, J. Ross, 51 Burlingame, Anson, 38, 50–51, 56, 161n.2, 165n.87 Burlingame Treaty, 52, 53, 55, 62, 74, 80, 85–86, 88, 96, 106–107, 108–109, 114, 142, 144 California, 28, 57, 59, 99, 165n.87; and Chinese immigration, 15, 17, 19–22, 23–27, 33–34, 39–41, 43, 47, 60–62, 65, 76–77, 121; and huiguan, 27–28, 30, 32–37, 72, 94; and modern Chinese nationalism, 1, 139, 142; and Qing diplomats, 39, 51, 95–96, 101–103, 106–107, 108–109, 114, 117, 125, 128–129; and Six Companies, 45–46, 51, 52, 53–55, 60, 63, 65, 67–68, 70, 74, 79, 80, 84, 87–88, 89–94, 95–97, 110, 125, 142 Canton, 18, 19, 40, 41, 42, 63, 94, 95, 102, 103, 118 Canton Restaurant, 27, 31 Cantonese market economy, 14–15, 15–17, 22, 139 Central Pacific Railroad, 39–40, 161n.8 Chae Chan-pin v. the United States, 107–108 208 Index Chan Pak Qwai, 74–75, 172n.119 Chang Yintang, 131 Chen Dazhao, 121 Chen Lanbin, 95–96, 98, 101, 103, 111, 116 Chen Le (Chung Lock, Chy Lung), 42, 43 Chen Yaqing, 33 “China and the United States,” 127 Chinatown, 4, 16, 35, 41, 47, 94, 98, 120; and anti-Chinese movement, 60–61, 62, 100, 125, 179n.13; Qing legation as reformer in, 103–105, 131–133, 137; Six Companies as reformer in, 48–49, 82–84, 131–133, 137 Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association. See Six Companies Chinese culturalism, 5–7, 11, 12, 97, 144 Chinese Educational Mission, 96, 177n.101 Chinese emigration and immigration, 3, 15–17, 20, 31, 35, 39–44; and Burlingame Treaty, 52, 62; charges, laws and violence against, 26, 31, 43, 60–61, 62–63, 100, 121; and market economies, 14–22, 39, 139; and Qing legation, 104–105, 108–109, 111, 127, 129, 133–134; and Six Companies, 57, 62, 63, 66, 71–72, 76, 80, 82, 86, 92, 93, 109–110, 133, 135, 140, 143 Chinese Exclusion Act, 81, 101, 107, 115, 121, 127–128, 131, 137 “Chinese Exclusion, A Benefit or A Harm?”, 129 Chinese famine (1876–1879), 60, 65, 94, 141 Chinese hospital, 36, 83–84, 105 Chinese laborers, 15, 19, 74, 75; and anti-Chinese movement, 26, 62, 101, 107, 114–115, 117, 123; and huiguan, 35, 61, 100; and labor brokers, 20, 40, 75–77; and Qing government, 111–113, 121–122, 127, 134, 136; and Six Companies, 57, 69, 70–71, 74, 81, 91–93, 109, 135–136, 140 Chinese (Cantonese) merchants, 25, 35, 37, 42, 58–59, 164n.82; and anti-Chinese movement, 26, 43, 59–63, 77, 84–85, 99–101, 117, 141, 170n.60; and Chinese immigration, 14, 15–16, 20, 22, 24–25, 34, 75, 81, 139; and huiguan, 9, 27, 31, 36, 61, 94, 139; and Qing government, 50, 95, 98–99, 104, 106–107, 110–111, 125–127, 133–134, 144, 165n.83–84, 177n.89, 182n.99, 188n.95; and Six Companies, 46, 54, 72, 73, 84, 92, 111–112, 131, 135, 140; success of, 25, 33, 41–42, 57–59 Chinese national native-place association. See Zhonghua huiguan Chinese prostitutes, 43, 61–62, 67, 83...