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NOTES Prologue: A Meeting of Two Stories An earlier version of this section was published in TheoSpirit, the biennial newsletter of Drew University Theological School, as “Consecrate the Offerings to Yourselves,” TheoSpirit 9, no. 2 (2011): 14–16. 1. Choe Si-hyeong (Haewol), Haewol sinsa beopseol [The sermons of Haewol the divine teacher], in Cheondogyo gyeongjeon [Cheondogyo scriptures], ed. Chondogyo jung-ang chongbu (Seoul: Cheondogyo jung-ang chongbu chulpanbu, 1988), 19:2. For citations from Haewol sinsa beopseol, I will give the chapter number followed by the verse number(s). 2. Shin Yong-ha, Donghak nongmin hyeongmyeong-ui sahoesa [Social history of the Donghak peasant revolutionary movement] (Seoul: Jisik saneopsa, 2005), pp. 130–229. 3. Thomas H. Reilly, The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom: Rebellion and the Blasphemy of Empire (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2004); Jonathan D. Spence, God’s Chinese Son: The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of Hong Xiuquan (New York: W. W. Norton, 1996). 4. Min Gyeong-bae, Hanguk gidok gyohoesa: Hanguk minjok gyohoe hyeongseong gwajeongsa [History of the Korean Christian church: A history of the process of the formation of the Korean national church] (Seoul: Yonsei daehak chulpanbu, 2007), pp. 66–120. 5. For a biographical account of Su-un’s life, see Pyo Yeong-sam, Donghak 1: Su-unui sarmgwa sang-gak [The life and thought of Su-un] (Seoul: Tongnamu, 2004). 6. When the Korean and Chinese pronunciations of a classical Chinese character differ from each other, I will present them both with a slash in between. When the pronunciations of the classical Chinese characters are given in the context of discussing particular texts or figures, either Korean or Chinese, I will give the corresponding pronunciation. For romanization, I use the Revised Romanization system for Korean and the pinyin system for Chinese. 7. Choe Je-u (Su-un), Dong-gyeong daejeon [The complete scriptures of Eastern Learning], in Cheondogyo gyeongjeon, “Jumun [Incantations],” p. 89. For citations from Donggyeong daejeon, I will give the book title followed by the verse number(s) preceded by the abbreviation v. or vv. When verse numbers are not available, I will give page numbers. 258 Notes to pages 5–11 8. Dong-gyeong Daejeon, “Nonhangmun (Writings to discuss learning),” v. 6. 9. Ibid., v. 4. 10. Ibid., vv. 4, 9. See also “Podeongmun (Writings to propagate virtue),” vv. 5, 8; Choe, Yongdam yusa (The instructional songs from the Dragon Pond), in Cheondogyo gyeongjeon, “Gwonhakga (Songs to encourage learning),” v. 8. 11. For the biographical account of Haeweol, see Pyo Yeong-sam, Donghak 2: Haweorui gonan yeokjeong (Haewol’s life-course of hardship and suffering) (Seoul: Tongnamu, 2005). 12. Haewol sinsa beopseol, 7:4. 13. Ibid., 8:12. 14. Ibid., 10:5. 15. Ibid., 2:11. 16. Ibid., 8:9. 17. In fact, Su-un did not appear to have an understanding of the existence or activity of the Holy Spirit in “Western Learning.” Kim Yong-hae, “Geurisdogyowa cheondogyoui singwan bigyo [A comparison of the view of God in Christianity and the religion of the heavenly way],” in Han-gugui sasang-ga sibin: Su-un Choe Je-u [Ten Korean thinkers: Su-un Choe Je-u], ed. Oh Mun-hwan (Seoul: Yemun seowon, 2005), p. 234. 18. See Ex 31:3; Prov 8:1–36. 19. Gen 15:1; 1 Sam 3:21; 1 Kgs 18:1, 31; 19:9–11; Ps 33:4, 6; Jer 1:4–5. The close connection between ruach and dabar is seen in Gen 1, when one takes into consideration the fact that, when God “spoke” the divine word in creation, God breathed out (“spirated”). 20. For a good summary of the various meanings of “spirit” found in the Bible, see G. T. Montague, “The Fire in the Word: The Holy Spirit in Scripture,” in Advents of the Spirit: An Introduction to the Current Study of Pneumatology, ed. B. E. Hinze and D. L. Dabney (Milwaukee: Marquette University Press, 2001), pp. 35–44. See also the extensive analysis of the biblical meanings of “spirit” in P. C. Hodgson, Winds of the Spirit: A Constructive Christian Theology (Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press, 1994), pp. 276–82. Another helpful biblical analysis is found in Mark I. Wallace, Finding God in the Singing River: Christianity, Spirit, Nature (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2005), pp. 36–39. 21. Here I am using the Revised Standard Version. 22. For a trenchant analysis of Aquinas’s classical trinitarian theology, see Anselm K. Min, Paths to the Triune God: An Encounter between Aquinas and Recent...

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