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147 Notes ——duction 1. Jacques Derrida, “Hors livre” in La Dissémination (Paris: Seuil, 1972), 13; translated by Barbara Johnson as “Outwork, prefacing” in Dissemination (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981), 7. 2. What Derrida calls “the other [l’autre],” a thought of which has been at work from the beginning in his writings, should not be simply conflated with Levinas’s human other [Autrui] or with the conceptions of “the other” at work in the discourses of the humanities, for example in cultural and postcolonial studies. One of the readers of Derrida to have noted the importance of a notion of the other is J. Hillis Miller. See his “Derrida’s Others” in Applying: to Derrida, ed. John Brannigan, Ruth Robbins, and Julian Wolfreys (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1996). This essay was later expanded as “Jacques Derrida ’s Others” in J. Hillis Miller, Others (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001). 3. Jacques Derrida, La vérité en peinture (Paris: Aubier-Flammarion, 1978), 223; translated by Geoffrey Bennington and Ian McLeod as The Truth in Painting (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987), 194. 1. “An Almost Unheard-of Analogy”: Derrida Reading Levinas 1. Hachem Foda, “En compagnie,” in “Idiomes, nationalités, déconstruction : Rencontre de Rabat avec Jacques Derrida,” special issue, Cahiers INTERSIGNES 13 (Casablanca: Editions Toubkal, 1998), 20. All further references, abbreviated as EC, are cited in the body of the text. Foda is referring to the French translation of Abu Bakr ibn Abi Ishaq Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Ya’qub al-Bukhari al-Kalâbâdhî, Ta’arruf li-madhab ahl al-tasawwuf, Traité du 148 ■ Notes Soufisme, trans. Roger Deladrière (Paris: Sindbad, 1981), trans. into English by A. J. Arberry as The Doctrine of Sufis, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977). 2. This is my translation of Foda’s citation, “Montre-Toi à moi, que je Te regarde,” from the Traité du Soufisme. 3. I am here translating Foda’s rendering in French, “Tu ne Me verras point,” of a citation from the Qur’an 7:143. The King James Version of the Bible reads: “And he said, I beseech thee, show me thy glory.” In his response God states: “for there no man shall see me” (Exod. 33:18–20). 4. Jacques Derrida, “Fidélité à plus d’un,” in Idiomes, nationalités, déconstruction : Rencontre de Rabat avec Jacques Derrida, special issue of Cahiers INTERSIGNES 13 (Casablanca: Editions Toubkal, 1998), 226; emphasis added. All further references, abbreviated as Fid, are cited in the body of the text. 5. See, for example, Levinas’s following remarks in an interview with Richard Kearney regarding the difference between his two forms of writing: “I always make a clear distinction in what I write, between philosophical and confessional texts. . . . I would never, for example, introduce a talmudic or biblical verse into one of my philosophical texts to try to prove or justify a phenomenological argument .” Richard Kearney, “Dialogue with Emmanuel Levinas,” in Face to Face with Levinas, ed. Richard Cohen (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1986), 18. 6. Jacques Derrida, “Violence et métaphysique,” in L’écriture et la difference (Paris: Seuil, 1967), trans. Alan Bass as “Violence and Metaphysics” in Writing and Difference (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978). All further references , abbreviated as ED, are cited in the body of the text, with page references first to the French, then to the English versions. I have silently modified the translation where necessary. This article was first published in two parts under the same title in Revue de métaphysique et de morale 69.3 (1964): 332–45; and 69.4 (1964): 425–73. 7. Autrui is often rendered in English as “others” (see, e.g., Harper Collins –Robert French Dictionary); however, in translations of Levinas the term is customarily translated in the upper case as “the Other” to indicate that Levinas ’s concern is always with a human other. For Levinas, Autrui is a concrete reference to the other person, to the empirically human, whereas the use of Autre tends to stress the formal sense of alterity, even though he is not consistent about this throughout his writings. The French dictionary Le Petit Robert provides the following entry for autrui: “(pronom)—altrui 1080, cas régime de autre; un autre, les autre hommes.” The following etymology can be found in the Littré: “Provençal altrui, autrui; ital. altrui; de alter-huic, cet autre, à un cas régime: voilà pourquoi autrui...