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363 i n d e x abîme, defined, 149; 151, 154, 163. See also mise en abîme academic: academic/nonacademic, 4, 5, 13, 37, 38, 45; conventions of academic discourse, 4–5; dualistic attitudes of academic discussion, 39; tales, 17, 22–23, 154 aesthetic: as political, 209, 239; value of being “in place,” 128; aestheticization of political, 142 afterlife, 34, 43, 227, 242; (cit. Bhabha, W. Benjamin), 34; in Andrew Benjamin , 35, 54, 303–4; of discourse, 242; as metempsychosis, 39; of translation , 227; and “vitalist ontology” (cit. Cheah), 38; W. Benjamin, 53, 303. See also life “age after age,” 49, 50, 55, 56, 63, 80, 93, 102, 114, 167, 216, 219, 223, 239, 247, 289, 292 agency: and joking triangle, 297; as power, 247; of reader (cit. Barthes), 152; ascribed to interpreters, 216; ethics of, 55; ideologies of, 224; our own a., 202, 229; site of, 181; social, 172–73 agential: creation of irony, 72, 221; engagement with text, 219; frame, 100; movement, 15; notion of universality , 33; performers, 50; possession, 246; production of consciousness, 111; repetition, 110, 252; translation, 43 Ahmad, Aijaz, 31, 32, 203, 249 AIPWA, 216, 218, 227, 228, 231; manifesto , 228, 230, 231, 232–35 alliance: in triangle of relation, 4, 6, 12, 115, 134, 200, 225, 290; with author, 90; with reader, 75, 78, 221; choice of, 57, 166, 167; marital, 74; nontraditional , 97; political, 138; rules of, 95; shift of, in telling, 17; temporary, 102 Anderson, Benedict, 32; “imagined community,” 26, 179, 183; “specter of comparison,” 206 anuvad: as translation, 43; as telling in turn, 5, 43, 80 appropriation: and complex rationality, 236; as always—always already—possessed , 37; as the fixing of culture, 36; Detha translation as, 24; elite, of folk forms, 127; folkloric, 131; of myth, in Mann, 116; parody and, 252; repetition and, 106; translation as, 42 Area Studies, 210, 212; “area-specialist audiences”, 169, 171, 211, 169 “as if”, 87, 133, 214; iva (“as if”), 125; “as if alive”, 139, 140 Asad, Talal, 35, 292 authentic: commentary, 21, 253; culture, 171; forms of selfhood, 172; national discourse, 190, 201; writer, 217; commentary on South Asian culture, 21; falsely, 171; folklore, 23, 26, 29; authenticity , 28; “Aura of Authentic”, 172, 190; and continued life of oral, 35; and politics , 171; and vernacular, 173; cultural, 201; false, in vernacular texts, 171, 190; fictional, 28; inauthentic as counterfeit, 151; jargon of, 22; notions of, 38 364 Index author: as other, 114; “The Death of the Author” (cit. R. Barthes), 54; fetish, 152; slip, 119, 128; vs folklorist, 23, 25–26, 51, 56, 206; celebrity, 170; death of, 19; defined by Barthes, 30; authorial intention , 113, n25, 313; invented author, Pata Nahin, 18, 22; value through body of, 152; “What is an author?”, 32, 33, 54, 173. See also implied author authority: and parody, 334n11; in manifesto , 233; of storyteller, 202; claims of singular, 130 Baatan ri Phulwari, 24, 51, 65, 265, 270 Babel: and multilinguality, 235; in Derrida , 182; Babelian imagery, 234–35, 124, 156, 182, 184, 204; post-Babel, 33, 179; Tower of Babel, 33, 35; babble, 11, 185, 194, 196, 199; global babble, 33 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 29, 37, 38, 66, 89, 107–9, 111–14, 116, 117, 128, 131, 132, 155, 215, 242, 244, 256, 277 bard, 25, 59, 61, 83; poison of, 61; bardic caste, 82; bardic language, 60; bardic nationalism (cit. Trumpener): 25, 26, 59; bard-prince compact, 61 Barthes, Roland, 19, 23, 31, 100; S/Z, 147–54, 156, 162, 203; on Balzac, 22, 30, 148–52 Bassnett, Susan, 29, 47 Bellow, Saul, 206–9, 218–20, 225, 237, 242, 267 belonging, 81, 86, 92, 94, 103, 131, 140, 193, 199; anxiety of, 46; and exclusion , 46, 85; as exclusive, 202; of wife to husband, 93; belonging/exclusion, 46, 85; boundaries of, 48, 53, 61, 93, 97, 106, 255; constructed sense of, 80; issues of, on two levels, 94; narratives of, 54, 55, 102, 202; riddles of, 36, 38, 48, 104, 105, 108, 112, 176, 190, 194, 202, 203, 226, 249, 252, 289–90; text as belonging exclusively to a single author, 21, 40 Benjamin, Andrew, 34, 50, 92 Benjamin, Walter, 30, 35, 37, 43, 50, 53, 61, 106, 108–9, 113, 151, 156, 160, 191, 202, 203, 209, 227, 229, 236, 248, 251, 254, 255, 284; and angels of history, 229, 254; “Task of the Translator”, 34, 109, 154; “Storyteller”, 109; as melancholic, 109 Bhabha, Homi, 7, 32–34, 36, 111, 171...

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