Terms of the Political: Community, Immunity, Biopolitics

NOTES

NOTES THE LAW OF COMMUNITY 1. [Throughout the essay, as elsewhere, Esposito plays on the varied meanings of the Italian colpa as “misdeed” or “offense,” and “guilt.” See his chapter “Guilt” in Roberto Esposito, Communitas: The Origin and Destiny of Community, trans. Timothy Campbell (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2010), 41–61, 159n6.—Trans.] 2. See Bernard Baas, “Le corps du délit,” in Politique et modernité, ed. Georges Leyenberger (Paris: Editions Osiris, 1992). [Elsewhere, Esposito refers to the double meaning of delinquere as both “to be lacking” and “to be at fault.” See Esposito, Communitas, 50n25, 50n160.—Trans.] 3. Roberto Esposito, Categorie dell’impolitico (Bologna: Il Mulino, 1988), 245– 312. [Translation by Fordham University Press forthcoming.—Trans.] 4. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract and the First and Second Discourses , ed. Susan Dunn (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2002), 162. 5. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Rousseau, Judge of Jean-Jacques: Dialogues, trans. Judith Bush, Christopher Kelly, and Roger Masters (Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1990), 118. 6. Bronislaw Baczko, Rousseau: Solitude et communauté (Paris: Mouton, 1974), 263. 7. Émile Durkheim, “Le ‘Contrat social’ de Rousseau,” Revue de métaphysique et de morale 25 (1918), 13–139. 8. [The “impolitical,” sometimes translated into English as the “unpolitical,” is one of Esposito’s most operative and discussed terms. The “impolitical” refers to the unrepresentable origin of politics. See Esposito, Categorie dell’impolitico—Trans.] 9. Robert Derathé, Rousseau e la scienza politica del suo tempo (Bologna: Il Mulino, 1993), 305. 10. Rousseau, The Social Contract, 181. 136 Notes to pages 18–21 11. Paul Monique Vernes, La ville, la fête, la démocratie: Rousseau et les illusions de la communauté (Paris: Payot, 1978). 12. See, for example, in a different context: Jean Starobinski, Jean-Jacques Rousseau , Transparency and Obstruction (Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1988). 13. Rousseau, The Social Contract, 201. 14. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Émile; or, On Education, trans. Allan Bloom (New York: Basic Books, 1979) 221–22. 15. Immanuel Kant, “Bemerkungen zu den Beobachtungen über das Gefühl des Schönen und Erhabenen,” in Kant Gesammelte Schriften (Berlin: AkademieAusgabe , 1902), 44. 16. Immanuel Kant, “What Does It Mean to Orient Oneself in Thinking?,” in Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason and Other Writings, ed. Allen Wood and George Di Giovanni (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 12. 17. Lucien Goldmann, Introduction à la philosophie de Kant (Paris: Gallimard, 1967). 18. Hannah Arendt, Lectures on Kant’s Political Philosophy, ed. Ronald Beiner (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992), 75. 19. See for example, Aldo Masullo, La comunità come fondamento (Naples Libreria Scientifica Editrice, 1965). 20. Immanuel Kant, “Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason,” in Religion and Rational Theology, ed. Allen Wood (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 111. [The Italian translation that Esposito cites refers to “an ethical community.” See Immanuel Kant, “La religione nei limiti della semplice ragione,” in Scritti morali, ed. P. Chiodi (Turin: UTET, 1970).—Trans.] 21. Alexis Philonekno, Théorie et praxis dans la pensée morale et politique de Kant et de Fichte en 1973 (Paris: Vrin, 1988), 28–29. 22. Kant, “What Does It Mean to Orient Oneself in Thinking?,” 106. 23. Jean-François Lyotard, The Differend: Phrases in Dispute, trans. Georges Van Den Abeelle (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1988). 24. Immanuel Kant, “A Renewed Attempt to Answer the Question: ‘Is the Human Race Continually Improving?,’” in Political Writings, ed. H. S. Reiss (Cambridge , UK: Cambridge University Press, 1991), 177–90. 25. Immanuel Kant, “Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch,” in Political Writings, ed. H. S. Reiss (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1991), 112. 26. Immanuel Kant, “Idea for a Universal History with a Cosmopolitan Purpose ,” in Political Writings, ed. H. S. Reiss (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1991), 41–53. 27. Immanuel Kant, “Conjectural Beginning of Human History,” in The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant: Anthropology, History, and Education (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2009), 169. Notes to pages 21–35 137 28. Again, see Baas, “Le corps du délit.” 29. Kant, “Conjectural Beginning of Human History,” 175. 30. Ernst Cassirer, The Question of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, trans. Peter Gay (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1975). 31. Jean Luc Nancy, L’impératif catégorique (Paris: Flammarion, 1983). 32. Kant, “Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason,” 112. 33. Immanuel Kant, “Critique of Practical Reason,” in Practical Philosophy, ed. Mary J. Gregor (Cambridge...