Acting Inca: National Belonging in Early Twentieth-Century Bolivia

Index

189 index Acosta, José de, 73 Acosta, Nicolás, 72 Alegria, Gregorio, 44–45 Almagro, Diego de, in Inca plays, 115, 130, 133 Alonso, Severo Fernández: Aymaras’ efforts to capture, 48; Creole-Aymara alliance against, 16, 29; Pando and, 31–32. See also Conservative Party Amnesty Law (1899), 35 Amoroso, Victor, 124 Añahuayani, 153–55 Andes Mountains, 5; Aymaras compared to, 10, 62; influence on Aymaras, 63–64 Andia, Manuel, 37 Apaza, José Manuel, 34 Aragandoña, Sinforiano, 46 Aramayo, Andrés, 94–96 Aranzaes, Nicanor, 76 Arguedas, Alcides, 115–17 Ari, Estaban, 3 Ari, Mariano, 37, 45–47 Arzáns de Orsua y Vela, Bartolomé, 90 Arze y Arze, José Antonio, 80–81 Aspiazu, Augstín, 160n23 assimilation, of the Aymara population into Bolivian society, 75 Astete, Apolinar, 53 Atahuallpa: in Inca plays, 99, 101, 111, 113–14; as last Inca king, 78, 112 Atanacio, Elias, 40 Atauchi, Felipa, 45 autonomous movement, Aymara, 6–7, 19–21, 32, 147. See also government, Indian Avendaño, Juan, 38 Ayllu Sartañani, 125 Aymara Academy, 74–76 Aymara language, 75–76, 93, 107 Aymaras, 88, 168n7; accusations against, 14, 18, 33–39, 149–50; accused of leading a race war, 7, 69; adopting Inca identity, 11, 85, 89, 105, 119, 152; as both complainants and defendants in Peñas trial, 8, 43–46, 50–51; celebrated past of, 57–62, 71; Civil War of 1899, 14, 20–21, 41–42, 63, 150, 153–55; Civil War of 1899 remembered as a race war, 14, 150; communal landholdings of, 4, 60–61; communities of, 1–4, 60–61, 86, 151; compared to Incas, 78–79, 83; connection between Aymara past and Incas in Inca plays, 89, 106, 108–10; contributions of, 68, 71, 145; culture of, 76, 106; defense claims in Peñas trial, 39–49; denied existence of a race war, 17, 41, 43, 87–88; effects of civil war on, 63, 86, 92, 153; efforts at national inclusion, 21, 49–54, 54–55, 75; expectations of Liberal government, 3–4, 6; history of, 9–10, 89, 122, 125; Katarista movement of, 135–36; Liberal Party and, 1–7, 17, 29–31, 68, 152; marginalization of, 155–56; Morales’s presidency and, 13–15, 146; narrative of degeneration of, 60, 64, 78–79; oppression of, 21, 67–68, 116–18, 135–36, 153; organizations of, 122, 147–48; as original humans, 72, 76–79; Pando’s reservations about alliance with, 31–33, 68–69; Paredes’s identity as, 80–81; past excluded from Inca plays, 11–12, 89, 119; past vs. present, 57–58, 64, 79, 82; political participation by, 4, 25, 35–37, 122; public fear of, 56–57, 62, 67–68, 70, 117; rebellions by, 116–17; relation to Incas, 8–10, 61–62, 69, 71–76, 77, 125–26, 138; revisionist narratives of, 19–21, 125, 150; treatment of defendants in Peñas trial, 34, 42–43; Urus and, 107–8. See also Creole-Aymara alliance; Indians Aymaras, image of, 76, 146; effects of negative, 86–87; efforts to address, 74–75, 86; as hard, 10, 62–63; Inca plays as effort to improve, 93, 104–5, 119, 152; Incas’ vs., 70, 138; influences on, 7, 36–38, 92–93; in Liberal newspapers, 67–68; Liberal Party’s need to change, 57, 64; newspapers’ role in, 5, 66–67; in Peñas trial, 33–39; as savages, 18, 51, 56, 66–67, 86, 147; in Wuata Wuara, 116–17 190 | Index Ballivián, Manuel V., 12, 61, 73–74 Ballongalvarro, District Attorney, 18, 36–37, 69 Balmori, Clemente Hernando, 98–99, 107, 109–11 Baptista, Mariano, 10, 25, 62–63, 67 Bargas, Adolfo, 46 Barragán, Rossana, 90 Barrientos, René, 144 Barriga, Daniel, 41, 49 Barrira, Marselino, 47 Bazán, Edgar, 123 Beltrán, Telmo, 44 Bernal Escalante, René, monument to, 144–45, 145 Berrios, José David, 112 Beyersdorff, Margot, 106–7, 158n21, 176n65, 177n95 Blanco, Pedro Aniceto, 63 Bolivia, 98; Aymara attachment to, 21, 27–28; Aymara efforts at inclusion in, 9, 12–13, 39, 49–54, 84–85, 119, 150; Aymaras in history of, 71, 84; Aymaras’ potential contribution to, 37, 57; defining national character of, 90–92, 93; divisiveness in, 146–50; efforts to unify, 17, 64; exclusion of Aymaras in, 61, 83; history in Inca plays, 93–94, 110–11, 113–14; history of, 69, 73–74, 77–79, 83, 135–39, 168n7; Inca identity and, 65, 69, 155; Indians as majority...