Under Solomon's Throne: Uzbek Visions of Renewal in Osh

Notes on Fieldwork

xi Fieldwork was conducted in Kyrgyzstan on eleven trips lasting one month to one year in duration from 1993 through 2011. The names given for all interviewees , usually first name only, are pseudonyms. Real names are used for well-known public figures and in a few instances for scholarly colleagues. Direct quotations are either verbatim from recorded conversation, or close to verbatim, as reconstructed by notes and memory of unrecorded comments. All interviews and conversations with Uzbeks were held in the Uzbek language , unless otherwise noted; in Kyrgyz language with Kyrgyz speakers; in Russian with Russians and others resident in Central Asia; and in Mandarin with a few Chinese businessmen. All translations from Uzbek, Russian, and Kyrgyz are by the author. Russian words are transliterated according to the Library of Congress system. Uzbek words are spelled according to Uzbekistan’s official 1996 Uzbek Latin alphabet. Kyrgyz word transliterations follow the 1979 romanization of Kyrgyz promulgated by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names and the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use (BGN/PCGN). Exceptions occur for proper names with widely accepted standard English spellings (e.g., Yeltsin, Moscow, Uzbek, Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Bukhara, Annotes on Fieldwork, interviews, Translations, and Transliteration dijan, Uzgen, and Akaev, rather than Ieltsin, Moskva, O’zbek, O’zbekiston, Toshkent, Buxoro, Andijon, Özgön, and Akayev). Out of personal preference I use the Kyrgyz and Russian form of Fergana rather than Ferghana, Fargana , or Farg’ona. Place names in Kyrgyzstan are rendered with their official post-Soviet Kyrgyz designations (Osh, Jalalabat, Kara-Suu, rather than O’sh, Jalal-Abad, Qorasuv), with the exception of the Osh-Andijan border crossing, which I call Do’stlik (in Uzbek) rather than Dostuk (in Kyrgyz), and Uzbekmajority urban districts (To’qqiz Adir rather than Toguz Adyr). As for Russian loan words in Uzbek or, as is commonly done, outright Russian words inserted in an Uzbek sentence and inflected with Uzbek grammar (Uzbek, as an agglutinating language, adds its own affixes to the Russian word), I have chosen to transliterate according to the Uzbek rather than Russian system. xii notes on Fieldwork Under Solomon’s Throne xiv Tashkent Kokand Namangan Batken Khojent Tashkent Kokand Namangan Batken Khojent F E R G A N A V A L L E F E R G A N A V A L L E KYRGYZSTAN UZBEKISTAN TAJIKISTAN TAJIKISTAN KAZAKHSTAN Sy r D a r y a Syr Darya KYRGYZSTAN UZBEKISTAN TAJIKISTAN TAJIKISTAN KAZAKHSTAN Sy r D a r y a Syr Darya N 0 0 40 60 20 80 km 30 40 20 10 50 mi Namang Namang L L KYRGYZSTAN Dar KYRGYZSTAN Dar Fergana Valley topographic map, showing roads from Osh to Jalalabat and Bishkek. Map by Bill Nelson. xv Jalalabat Osh Kara-Su Uzgen Namangan Andijan Fergana Jalalabat Osh Kara-Su Uzgen Namangan Andijan Fergana to Bishkek to Bishkek L L E Y L L E Y TAN KYRGYZSTAN CHINA N a ryn Darya TAN KYRGYZSTAN CHINA N a ryn Darya 200–500 meters 500–1000 1000–2000 2000–3000 3000–4000 4000–5000 5000–6000 Elevation ...