Notes
NOTES . Introduction: Boston from Peninsula to Metropolis .William A. Newman andWilfred E. Holton, Boston’s Back Bay:The Story of America ’s Greatest Nineteenth-Century Landfill Project (Boston: Northeastern University Press, ), . . Ibid. . Ibid., . . Ibid. . On industrial pollution in Pittsburgh, see Joel A.Tarr, ed., Devastation and Renewal : Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, ). . See, for example, John B. Blake, Public Health in the Town of Boston, – (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, ); Eric Jay Dolin, PoliticalWaters (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, ); Sarah S. Elkind, Bay Cities andWater Politics: The Battle for Resources in Boston and Oakland (Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, ); and Fern F. Nesson, GreatWaters: A History of Boston’sWater Supply (Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, ). . Peter S. Rosen and Duncan M. FitzGerald, “The Drowning of Boston Harbor and the Development of the Shoreline,” in this volume. . Michael J. Rawson, “What Lies Beneath: Science, Nature, and the Making of Boston Harbor,” in this volume. . William Cronon, Nature’s Metropolis: Chicago and the Great West (New York: Norton, ). .The Drowning of Boston Harbor and the Development of the Shoreline . C. A. Kaye and E. S. Barghoorn, “Late Quaternary Sea-Level Change and Crustal Rise at Boston, Massachusetts, with Notes on the Autocompaction of Peat,” Bulletin of the Geological Society of America (): –. . H. Knebel, R. Rendigs, R. Oldale, and M. Bothner, “Sedimentary Framework of Boston Harbor, Massachusetts,” in C. Fletcher and T. Wehmiller, eds., Quaternary Coasts of the United States: Marine and Lacustrine Systems, Project No. Quaternary Coastal Evolution, Spec. Pub. No. , SEPM (Tulsa, Okla.: Society for Sedimentary Geology, ), –. . C. A. Kaye, The Geology and Early History of the Boston Area of Massachusetts:A Bicentennial Approach, Geological Survey Bulletin , (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, ). . Lawrence LaForge, Geology of the Boston Area, Massachusetts, Bulletin (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Geological Survey, ). . D. M. FitzGerald, P. S. Rosen, and S.Van Heteren, “New England Barriers,” in R. A. Davis, ed., Geology of Holocene Barrier Island Systems (NewYork: SpringerVerlag, ), –. . P. M. Colgan and P. S. Rosen,“Quaternary Environments and History of Boston Harbor, Massachusetts,” in D. P.West and R. H. Bailey, eds., Guidebook for Geological FieldTrips in New England, Annual Meeting of the Geological Society of America (Boston: Geological Society of America, ), I–I. . P. S. Rosen, B. Brenninkmeyer, and L. Maybury,“Holocene Evolution of Boston Inner Harbor, Massachusetts,” Journal of Coastal Research (): –. . F. Johnson, “The Boylston Street Fishweir,” Robert S. Peabody Foundation for Archaeology (): ; and F. Johnson “The Boylston Street Fishweir II,” Robert S. Peabody Foundation for Archaeology (): . . Rosen, Brenninkmeyer, and Maybury, “Holocene Evolution of Boston Inner Harbor” –. . E. A. Himmelstoss, D. M. FitzGerald, P. S. Rosen, and J. R. Allen, “Bluff Evolution of Coastal Drumlins: Boston Harbor Islands, Massachusetts,” Journal of Coastal Research , no. (): –. . P. Rosen, D. FitzGerald, E. Himmelstoss, and J. Allen, “Morphology and Evolution of Boston Harbor Island Shorelines, Massachusetts, USA,” Fifth International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes, Coastal Zone , American Society of Civil Engineers, Proceedings (Clearwater Beach, Fla.: American Society of Civil Engineers, ). . F. F. Escoffier, “Traveling Forelands and the Shore Line Processes Associated with Them,” Bulletin of the Beach Erosion Board , no. (): –. . Himmelstoss et al., “Bluff Evolution of Coastal Drumlins,” –. . William A. Newman and Wilfred E. Holton, Boston’s Back Bay:The Story of America’s Greatest Nineteenth-Century Landfill Project (Boston: Northeastern University Press, ). . A. Heintzelman-Muego, “Construction Material and Design of Nineteenth Century and Earlier Wharves: An Urban Ecological Concern,” paper presented at the Society for Historical Archaeology and Council for Underwater Archaeology, Denver, Colorado, . . O. Bray, “Restoring HistoricWharf at Salem, Massachusetts,” Civil Engineering , no. (): –. . P. S. Rosen and D. B. Vine, “Evolution of Seawall Construction Methods in Boston Harbor, Massachusetts,” Proceedings,Institute of Civil Engineers (): –. .What Lies Beneath: Science, Nature, and the Making of Boston Harbor This essay, originally presented at the conference “Remaking Boston:The City and Environmental Change Over the Centuries,” appears by arrangement with the Journal of Urban History, which published it in volume , no. (July ). . John S. Sleeper, Address on the Encroachments in the Harbor of Boston (Boston: Rockwell & Churchill, ), . Sleeper spent much of his career in the merchant service sailing ships out of Boston. He retired in at the age of thirty-six and subsequently worked as a newspaper editor and author of sea tales under the pseudonym “Hawser Martingale.” . Two works show some interest in the natural environments of urban harbors: Donald Squires and Kevin Bone, “The Beautiful Lake: The Promise of the...
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