Chaos, Violence, Dynasty: Politics and Islam in Central Asia

Index

209 Index Aalam Services, 98 Abdildin, Serikbolsyn, 149, 150 Abdrahmanov, Omurbek, 102 Abdrakhmanov, Yusup, 180n44 Abdrisiaev, Baktybek, 91 Ablyazov, Mukhtar, 150, 151, 195n19 ABN Amro, 101 Adolat (Justice) party, 76, 120, 128 Afanov, Ivan I., 61 Afghanistan, 5, 12, 33 airplane analogy, 10–11, 15–16, 19–22, 166. See also selectorate model Aitmatov, Chingiz, 78, 91 Aitmuratov, Yerezhap, 63 Ak Terek, Kyrgyzstan, 106 Akaev, Aidar, 97–98 Akaev, Askar, x, 2, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20–21, 42, 45, 78, 80–105, 109–10, 113, 166–67, 169 Akaeva, Bermet, 21 Akiner, Shirin, 123 Akmatbaev, Ryspek, 110 Akmatbaev, T., 91 Akun, Tursunbek, 23, 106 Akylbekova, Roza, 154 Alakbarov, Gurban, 30 Alash Orda, 53, 57 Alga Bakiev, 104–5 Alga Kyrgyzstan, 104 Aliev, Rakhat, 150, 158–59, 164; Godfather-inLaw , 3 Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, 50, 67–69 Amanbaev, Dzhmgalbek, 78 American University of Central Asia, 12 Andijan, Uzbekistan, 125 Andijan protests, 3, 5, 15, 34, 56, 121–23, 141–43 Andropov, Yuri, 64 Arabaev, Ishenali, 180n44 Ar-Namys party, 23, 99 Asaba party, 23 Assad, Hafez al-, 145 Asanaliev, G., 91 Ashirkulov, Misir, 99 Asian Development Bank, 93 Aslund, Anders, 186n29 assassinations. See murders and assaults Ata Meken party, 23 Ata Zhurt (Homeland), 99 Atambaev, Almazbek, 33, 105, 107 authoritarianism, 17–47; clan identities and, 41–44; economic resources and, 29–31, 59–60; ethnic identities and, 40–41; lack of study of, 18; and leadership succession, 39, 43, 158–64; model for understanding, 19–29, 38–47, 51, 78–79, 135; and political opposition, 33; regional identities and, McGlinch_pages.indd 209 8/2/11 3:45 PM 210 Index 41–44; Western intervention against, 31, 34. See also autocracy; patronage politics autocracy: foreign aid and, 168; geopolitics and, 31–34; Islam and, 35–38, 168; measurement of, 3–5; pervasiveness of, 1; religious organizations as threat to, 37–38, 116–17, 127, 128, 166; selectorates/winning coalitions in, 22–28. See also authoritarianism ; patronage politics autocrats: characteristics of, 152; resources controlled by, 2; tenure of, 2 Aytbaev, Testhtemir, 102 Azamat party, 150 Azerbaijan, 30 Bahromov, Abdurashid, 191n39 Baibolov, Kubatbek, 105 Baisalov, Edil, 104, 105 Bakiev, Kurmanbek “Bucks,” x, 2, 12, 15, 34, 45, 46, 80–81, 99, 101–11, 113, 166–67, 169 Bakiev, Maxim, 102–5 Bakir uulu, Tursunbai, 86, 185n17 Baktygulov, Zhyrgal K., 52 Batyrov, Kadyrjan, 111 Bazar Korgan, Kyrgyzstan, 41, 109 Begelman, Petr, 71, 72 Beknazarov, Azimbek, 23, 91, 101 Beshimov, Bakyt, 33, 94–95, 106 Beshimov, Erdin, 94 Bilan (magazine), 115 Birlik party, 116 Birshtein, Boris, 85 Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, 15, 105 Bitel telecommunications, 102 Blair, Tony, 101 Bond, Clifford, 120–21 Borat (film), 158 Bratton, Michael, 9 Brezhnev, Leonid, 8, 49–50, 61, 62–65 Brysk, Alison, 136 Bukharin, Nikolai, 54–55 Bunce, Valerie, 144 Burnes, Alexander, 51–52 Bush, George W., 81 Carlisle, Donald, 183n121 Carothers, Thomas, 19 Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 97 Central Asia: Brezhnev and, 62–65; Gorbachev and, 66–78; history of Soviet rule of, 51–65; Khrushchev and, 60–62; Lenin and, 53–54; political opposition in, 29; Stalin and, 54–60 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 33 change, political, 134–36, 169–70 Chaudhry, Kiren, 154, 157 Chehabi, Houchang E., 8–9 Chernenko, Konstantin, 64 Chevron, 6 China, 34 Cholpon Ata, Kyrgyzstan, 106 Chumokova, Natalya, 151 Churbanov, Yuri, 71–72 Chust Affair, 56 Chyngyshev, Turgunbek, 85 Citibank, 101 civic associationalism, 154, 156f civil society: in Kyrgyzstan, 112; in Uzbekistan, 116–19 Civil Union for Fair Elections, 99 clan identities, 41–44 Clinton, Bill, 88, 152–53 Cloud, David, 98 Coburn, Tom, 17–18 coercion: in Kazakhstan, 163–64; in Kyrgyzstan , 12; Stalin and, 54–60; in Uzbekistan, 11, 123–34. See also Uzbekistan: repression in; violence Cohen, Sacha Baron, 158 Cohen, Stephen, 54 collective action problem, 10–11 Collier, David, 58–59 Collins, Kathleen, 21, 41–42 color revolutions, 3, 173n4 Communist Party: and Central Asia, x, 10, 48; Gorbachev and, 20, 49, 50, 67, 75, 165. See also Kazakh Communist Party; Kyrgyz Communist Party; Uzbek Communist Party comparative historical analysis, 79 comparative politics, 167 Cooley, Alexander, 33 corruption: in Kyrgyzstan, 84–85, 97–105; in Uzbekistan, 71–72 Counterpart Consortium, 33 courts: in Kazakhstan, 57–58; in Kyrgyzstan, 57–58, 92, 95, 96; Stalin and, 56–57; trust in, 58, 59f; in Uzbekistan, 57–58. See also trials credible threats, to autocratic rule, 22 Critchlow, James, 64 Daley, Sean, 102 Davydov (Uzbek official), 72 defections, 11–12, 16, 22–27, 24–26f, 159–64, 160–62f democracy...