Invisible Agents: Spirits in a Central African History

Title Page, Copyright

Invisible Agents n e w a f r i c a n h i s to r i e s s e r i e s Series editors: Jean Allman and Allen Isaacman Books in this series are published with support from the Ohio University National Resource Center for African Studies. David William Cohen and E. S. Atieno Odhiambo, The Risks of Knowledge: Investigations into the Death of the Hon. Minister John Robert Ouko in Kenya, 1990 Belinda Bozzoli, Theatres of Struggle and the End of Apartheid Gary Kynoch, We Are Fighting the World: A History of Marashea Gangs in South Africa, 1947–1999 Stephanie Newell, The Forger’s Tale: The Search for Odeziaku Jacob A. Tropp, Natures of Colonial Change: Environmental Relations in the Making of the Transkei Jan Bender Shetler, Imagining Serengeti: A History of Landscape Memory in Tanzania from Earliest Times to the Present Cheikh Anta Babou, Fighting the Greater Jihad: Amadu Bamba and the Founding of the Muridiyya in Senegal, 1853–1913 Marc Epprecht, Heterosexual Africa? The History of an Idea from the Age of Exploration to the Age of AIDS Marissa J. Moorman, Intonations: A Social History of Music and Nation in Luanda, Angola, from 1945 to Recent Times Karen E. Flint, Healing Traditions: African Medicine, Cultural Exchange, and Competition in South Africa, 1820–1948 Derek R. Peterson and Giacomo Macola, editors, Recasting the Past: History Writing and Political Work in Modern Africa Moses Ochonu, Colonial Meltdown: Northern Nigeria in the Great Depression Emily Burrill, Richard Roberts, and Elizabeth Thornberry, editors, Domestic Violence and the Law in Colonial and Postcolonial Africa Daniel R. Magaziner, The Law and the Prophets: Black Consciousness in South Africa, 1968–1977 Emily Lynn Osborn, Our New Husbands Are Here: Households, Gender, and Politics in a West African State from the Slave Trade to Colonial Rule Robert Trent Vinson, The Americans Are Coming! Dreams of African American Liberation in Segregationist South Africa James R. Brennan, Taifa: Making Nation and Race in Urban Tanzania Benjamin N. Lawrance and Richard L. Roberts, editors, Trafficking in Slavery’s Wake: Law and the Experience of Women and Children David M. Gordon, Invisible Agents: Spirits in a Central African History Invisible Agents Spirits in a Central African History w David M. Gordon o hio university press w athens Ohio University Press, Athens, Ohio 45701 ohioswallow.com© 2012 by Ohio University Press All rights reserved. To obtain permission to quote, reprint, or otherwise reproduce or distribute material from Ohio University Press publications, please contact our rights and permissions department at (740) 593-1154 or (740) 593-4536 (fax). Printed in the United States of America Ohio University Press books are printed on acid-free paper.∞ ™ 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gordon, David M., 1970– Invisible agents : spirits in a Central African history / David M. Gordon. p. cm. — (New African histories) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8214-2024-9 (pb : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-8214-4439-9 (electronic) 1. Zambia—History—Religious aspects. 2. Zambia—History—Autonomy and independence movements—Religious aspects. 3. Christianity and culture— Zambia—History. 4. Religion and politics—Zambia—History. 5. Zambia—Politics and government—To 1964. 6. Zambia—Politics and government—1964–1991. 7. United National Independence Party (Zambia)—History. 8. Lumpa Church— History. 9. Bemba (African people)—Religion. I. Title. II. Series: New African histories series. BR1446.6.G67 2012 968.94—dc23 2012027989 ...