Illinois's War: The Civil War in Documents

Notes

 Notes Preface 1. Horace White to Lyman Trumbull, December 30, 1860, Lyman Trumbull Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, DC. 2. The contingency of events during the Civil War era is also emphasized in James M. McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988) and Michael F. Holt, “Change and Continuity in the Party Period: The Substance and Structure of American Politics, 1835–1885,” in Contesting Democracy: Substance and Structure in American Political History, 1775–2000, ed. Byron E. Shafer and Anthony J. Badger (Lawrence : University Press of Kansas, 2001), 93–115. Of course, such a perspective is inherent in the very structure of historical narrative. But for an influential critique, students should consider Hayden White, Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in NineteenthCentury Europe (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1973). Introduction 1.Douglas,quotedinRobertW.Johannsen,StephenA.Douglas(1973;Urbana:University of Illinois Press, 1997), 21. 2. Hay, quoted in John Mack Faragher, Sugar Creek: Life on the Illinois Prairie (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986), 221. 3. Abraham Lincoln, “The Repeal of the Missouri Compromise and the Propriety of Its Restoration: Speech at Peoria, Illinois, in Reply to Senator Douglas, October 16, 1854,” in Abraham Lincoln: His Speeches and Writings, ed. Roy P. Basler (Cleveland: World Publishing, 1946), 291–92, 321–22. Chapter 1: Illinois and the Politics of Slavery 1. Douglas, quoted in Leon Litwack, North of Slavery: The Negro in the Free States, 1790–1860 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961), 67. 2. Wilmot, quoted in Eugene H. Berwanger, The Frontier against Slavery: Western Anti-Negro Prejudice and the Slavery Extension Controversy (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1967), 125–26. 3. Michael F. Holt, The Political Crisis of the 1850s (New York: Wiley, 1978). 4. William E. Gienapp, The Origins of the Republican Party, 1852–1856 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987), 413. Chapter 2: The Emergence of Lincoln and the Secession Crisis 1. Stephen B. Oates, With Malice toward None: The Life of Abraham Lincoln (New York: Penguin, 1977), 211. 2. Cairo City Gazette, December 6, 1860, quoted in Arthur C. Cole, The Era of the Civil War: 1848–1870 (Springfield: Illinois Centennial Commission, 1919), 253.  Notes to Pages 56–126 Chapter 3: Improvising War 1. Chicago Tribune, quoted in Benson Lossing, Pictorial History of the Civil War in the United States of America, 3 vols. (Hartford: T. Belknap, 1868), 1:342. 2. Orville Hickman Browning, The Diary of Orville Hickman Browning, vol. 1, 1850– 1864 (Springfield: Trustees of the Illinois State Historical Library, 1925), 462. 3. Chicago Times, November 7, 1861. 4. Chicago Tribune, June 17, 1862. 5. Yates to Lyman Trumbull, February 14, 1862, Lyman Trumbull Papers, Library of Congress. Chapter 4: Illinois and Emancipation 1. By this time, Lincoln had privately decided to emancipate the slaves, but he gave no indication of that in his meeting with Patton and Dempster, receiving the Chicago leaders politely but cautiously. 2. William Herndon to Lyman Trumbull, November 20, 1861, quoted in Arthur C. Cole, The Era of the Civil War, 1848–1870 (Springfield: Illinois Centennial Commission, 1919), 292. 3. Macomb Eagle, October 11, 1862. Chapter 5: Divided Houses 1. Victor Hicken, IllinoisintheCivilWar (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1966), 139. 2. Fulton Democrat, quoted in Jason Miller, “A Neighbor’s War: Provost Marshals, Desertion, the Draft, and Political Violence on the Central Illinois Home Front, 1861–1865,” (MA thesis, 2012, Department of History, Eastern Illinois University), 119–20. 3. Lieutenant Colonel James Oakes to Colonel James B. Fry, July 16, 1863, reprinted in United States, War Department, The War of the Rebellion: Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, ser. 3, vol. 3 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1899), 503. Chapter 6: The Soldiers’ War 1. James Austin Connolly, “Major Connolly’s Letters to His Wife, 1862–1865,” Transactions of the Illinois State Historical Society (Springfield) 35 (1928): 233. 2. Second Lieutenant Friedrich Martens to Family, August 24, 1861, in Germans in the Civil War: The Letters They Wrote Home, ed. Walter D. Kamphoefner and Wolfgang Helbich, trans. Susan Carter Vogel (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006), 319. 3. Canton Weekly Register, August 12, 1862, quoted in William M. Anderson, “The Fulton County War at Home and in the Field,” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 85, no. 1 (Spring 1992): 24–25. 4. Chicago Tribune, August 14, 1862. 5. Owen Stuart to Margaret Cameron Stuart, December 17, 1864, Owen Stuart Letters, Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library, Springfield. [3.139.233.43...