Chocolate Islands: Cocoa, Slavery, and Colonial Africa

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C hocolate Islands Cocoa, Slavery, and Colonial Afric a Catherine Higgs Ohio University Press  Athens Ohio University Press, Athens, Ohio 45701 ohioswallow.com© 2012 by Ohio University Press All rights reserved To obtain permission to quote, reprint, or otherwise reproduce or distribute material from Ohio University Press publications, please contact our rights and permissions department at (740) 593-1154 or (740) 593-4536 (fax). Printed in the United States of America Ohio University Press books are printed on acid-free paper ƒ ™ 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Higgs, Catherine. Chocolate islands : cocoa, slavery, and colonial Africa / Catherine Higgs. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8214-2006-5 (hc : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-8214-4422-1 (electronic) 1. Forced labor—São Tomé and Príncipe—History. 2. Slavery—São Tomé and Príncipe—History. 3. Cacao—Harvesting—São Tomé and Príncipe—History. 4. Cacao—Harvesting—Moral and ethical aspects. 5. Cacao growers—São Tomé and Príncipe—History. 6. Portugal—Colonies—Africa—Administration. 7. Burtt, Joseph, 1862–1939—Travel—Africa, West. 8. Cadbury, William A. (William Adlington), 1867–1957. 9. Cadbury Brothers—History. I. Title. HD4875.S36H55 2012 331.76337409670904—dc23 2012009341 F o r K a t h y J o i n e r M i l b u r n a n d J e f f M i l b u r n ...