Taifa: Making Nation and Race in Urban Tanzania

Index

283 Abbasi, M. O., 56, 83 Abushiri wa Mbwana, M. M., 135–36 acquisition of buildings. See Building Acquisition Act of 1971 adverse possession, 31, 43–45 African (as term), 124–25 African Association, 19, 68–69, 105, 219nn135– 36; civilization discourses of, 123–24; extraterritorial ambitions of, 144; on food and commodity shortages, 99–102; on housing shortages, 106–7; on intermarriage , 135; labor activism of, 110, 113–15; racial recruitment of, 143–45, 158, 245n197 African Charcoal Dealers Union, 185 African community: civil service jobs in, 78–79, 104, 108–9; commercial relationships of, 70–76, 110–12, 152; as domestic servants, 75–76, 82, 114; education in, 83, 183–84, 186; ethnic map of, 59f; food rations in, 99–102; Indian housing in, 36, 38, 104–7, 230n125, 231n153; labor unions in, 78–79, 113–16, 232n164, 233n199, 234n209; origins of, 60–62, 216n85; population density in, 104, 197; population numbers of, 24, 48, 211n5, 216n85; restricted labor migration of, 95–98, 151, 169–70, 227n65. See also nationalism; segregated urban zones African identity, 2, 13, 18, 48, 58–70; associational life in, 66–69, 77, 219nn135–36; coastal hierarchies in, 63– 64, 84, 122–23, 125–26; firstcomer status in, 15, 18, 31, 47, 58–62, 83–84, 87, 124, 216n92; insider-outsider rivalry in, 60, 64–69, 84; interracial liaisons in, 128–36, 151, 238n63; language use in, 82–83; of mercenaries, 65–66; in native/non-native categorization, 26, 125; resentment of Indians in, 80–83, 159, 176–81, 223n227, 254n111; slave origins in, 65 African Muslims, 67, 83. See also Muslim population African National Congress (ANC), 153–54 African nationalism. See nationalism; PanAfricanism African Problems (Kayamba), 126–27 African socialism. See ujamaa African Tailors Union, 116 African Urban Housing Loan Scheme, 257n175 Afro-Shirazi Party, 152, 190 Aga Khan III, 4, 51, 54, 57–58, 77; on citizenship, 193, 247n229, 258n211; Diamond Jubilee of, 101–2; on nationalist movements, 150 Aga Khan IV, 150 Aggrey, James, 120, 123–24, 132 aibu, 17, 139–40 Aiyar, Sana, 6 Ali, Ramadhani, 69, 219n136 All-Muslim National Union of Tanganyika (AMNUT), 161 Amin, Idi, 2, 3, 190, 192, 247n239 Amri Abedi, Sheikh Kaluta, 127, 156 Anderson, Benedict, 13, 119 Andrews, Charles, 51–52, 212n23 Anjuman Islamiyya, 83 anticolonial discourses, 6–7, 48–49, 160. See also nationalism Arab community, 63, 66–67; African domestic servants in, 76; commercial role of, 152; food rationing in, 99; immigration of, 152; as liwali, 67–68, 144; in native/nonnative categorization, 25; native quarter housing of, 231n153; population numbers of, 25, 204n12; social status in, 122 Arusha Declaration of 1967, 166, 168–69, 172, 183, 186–87, 190, 253n81 Asian Association, 145, 146, 150 Asian Commercial Employees Association, 116 Asian community. See Indian community askari, 59, 65–66, 131; discourses on heshima of, 136–43, 157–58, 241n115; sexual liaisons of, 139–40 Index 284 w Index Association of Masuriama and Machotara, 135 Ataturk, Kemal, 249n14 Austin, Gareth, 202n23 Bakari, Mtoro bin Mwinyi, 61 Baker, E. C., 34, 38, 40–41, 64, 68, 96, 104 Banda, Hastings Kamuzu, 166, 171 Bantu Group, 147 Banzi, Alex, 175 Barber, Karin, 16–17 Barghash, Sultan of Zanzibar, 61 Barongo, E. B. M., 151 Barriers to Democracy (Nyerere), 149–50 Bates, Darrell, 139 Batetera Union, 65 beer brewing, 111–12 Berlin, Isaiah, 160 Berman, Bruce, 11, 34 Bharati, Agehananda, 182 Bissell, William C., 27 black markets, 35, 93–94, 100, 102–3, 110–11, 193 Boal, V. R., 54, 55, 56 Bohora community, 49, 83, 183 Bone, Dick, 95 Bose, Sugata, 7 British Nationality Act, 145 British Protected Persons, 155, 247n229 British Railways, 108–9 Brown, Kevin, 141–42 Brubaker, Rogers, 14, 211n1 Bryceson, Derek, 154 Buguruni neighborhood, 15, 153, 164, 172, 189–90, 192 Building Acquisition Act of 1971, 3–6, 10, 159, 187–94, 197, 199, 201n7, 247n239, 259n3 building codes, 29, 31–32, 38–39, 107, 206n38, 206n45 building ownership: nationalization of, 3–6, 10, 159, 187–94, 197, 199, 201n7, 247n239, 259n3; status achieved through, 64–65; by women, 65, 111–12 Burahim, Binti, 82 Bushiri Rebellion of 1888, 61 Byatt, Horace, 23, 29, 51–52, 55, 222n197 Cameron, Donald, 44, 78 caricature, 10–11, 16, 52–53, 70, 82, 159, 176–81, 254n111 Carrier Corps Building, 38 categories of identity, 1–3, 20, 47–48, 119–21, 197; in colonial urban spaces, 11–18, 69–70, 203n32; as native or non-native, 17–18, 21–46, 125; print media...