America's Darwin: Darwinian Theory and U.S. Culture

Index

393 adaptation, 6, 14, 50, 130; and coadaptation, 336; and Darwin, 2, 128, 237, 239; and W. James, 232n27; and London, 324; L. W. Morgan’s use of, 266, 286; natural selection, 31, 144, 183; and natural theology, 62–63, 81n43; and social reform, 9, 186–88; Wharton’s ideas on 109, 117–18, 122 aesthetic (evolutionary), 5, 10, 130, 246, 248; aesthetic experience and modernism, 134–35, 140; Burroughs on, 53; Dewey and pragmatism, 128, 131, 134–35, 137, 139–40, 142; and female choice, 161, 171, 303, 305; and W. James, 28, 30, 32; and Wharton, 111 Agassiz, Louis: correspondence of, with Darwin, 299n56; as critic of Darwin/ evolution, 35, 60; and Gray, 2, 72, 268; and W. James, 20, 217; and misrepresentation of Darwin’s theory, 73–76; and L. H. Morgan, 267, 278, 280; and neo-Lamarckism, 44; opposition of, to evolution, 63, 72–73, 91–92, 128, 217, 268; and polygenism, 20, 72–73, 199, 268, 276, 280; and Walsh, 66–67, 72–76 agency, 107, 132, 141, 341, 378, 380–81, 383; and determinism, 21, 30, 303; and sexual selection, 183–84, 190, 303, 345, 358n33; and species boundaries, 303, 310–12, 317–18, 325n9, 345, 354, 380–81 Althusser, Louis, 375 altruism, 198, 201, 369 American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 295 American Association for the Advancement of Science, 268, 278, 298, 299 amphioxus, 113–16 passim analogy, and evolutionary language, 28, 38, 46, 50, 51, 70, 109, 287, 290, 336, 363, 365; botanical, 244–46 animal culture, 369 animalism, 19, 208 animality, 11, 13, 334, 367, 378; and degeneration, 251; and emotion, 209, 211, 227; Freud and repression of, 339; and posthumanism, 5, 336; and social reformers, 188 animal mind/intelligence, 12, 286, 289; and choice, 311–13, 315, 325n13, 326n18; and instinct, 266, 269–72, 275, 287, 290–91, 293; and London, 302–10; social intelligence, 279, 281, 283. See also nature faker controversy anthropomorphism, 329 anti-evolutionism, 362 antithesis, principle of, 26, 28, 33 ape, 13, 99, 101, 227, 360–84, 346, 386n22; in Darwin’s writings, 190, 304. See also primate Arnold, Matthew, 91, 103, 124 atavism, 9, 11, 209, 219, 229, 251, 252 Austin, Rebecca Merritt, 253 Autobiography (C. Darwin), 276 Bagehot, Walter, 252 Balzac, Honoré de, 120 Barber, Mary Elizabeth, 253 barnacle, 172 i n d e x 394 Index Bartram, John, 237 Bartram, William, 237 Bates, Henry Walter, 68, 81 Beagle, H.M.S, 271 Beale, Thomas, 86 beavers, 266–93 Beer, Gillian, 34, 38n21, 106, 110, 116, 137, 142, 173, 245, 246, 302, 365 Bell, Charles, 23 Bellamy, Edward, 10, 151, 154, 157–69, 173, 177, 179, 181 benevolence, 120 Bergson, Henri, 43, 51, 54 biogenetic law, 106, 108–9 biological species concept, 8, 76 biosocial, 8, 106–8, 110, 116, 121, 122 birdsong, 195, 368 Blackwell, Antoinette Brown, 184–85, 198 blush, 161, 207, 208, 230; and “selfattention ,” 207, 212, 219 botany, in evolutionary theory, 64, 106, 236–46, 251, 256, 278 Boyle, T. C., 5, 13, 333–55, 383 Brashere, Ora, 193, 194 Bridgewater Treatise (Whewell), 63, 81n43 Burroughs, John, 6, 7, 40–55, 130, 307–10, 347 Butler, Judith, 354, 375, 382 capitalism, 19, 152, 154, 155–56, 157, 158, 162, 167, 220, 252, 253 Carnegie, Andrew, 92 carnivorous plants, 5, 236–56 catastrophism, 88 Chambers, Robert, 40, 41, 43, 87 chance: and adaptation, 375; and Burroughs, 7, 42–53; versus choice, 305, 326n13; and Darwin on design, 121, 122; and W. James, 21, 30–36; and Melville’s “New Ancient of Days,” 100–101; in Notebook M, 375; and Spencer, 186, 233n37; and truth, 6; and Walsh, 68–69; and Wharton 113. See also contingency; uncertainty Chernyshevsky, Nikolai, 194–202 passim chimpanzee, 342, 345, 366, 370, 376. See also primate choice, 229, 231–32n25, 383; female, 10, 119, 151–74, 182–84, 190, 303, 325n8, 344, 345; and free will, 12, 30, 143, 215, 217, 383; and species boundaries, 11, 13, 174n8, 302–24, 335–36n13, 344; Wharton on, 110, 119 civilization: and Burroughs, 50; Darwin on, 183, 187; and feminism, 190, 194; and feminist utopia, 203; and Freud, 343–44; Kropotkin on, 202; and L. H. Morgan, 267, 289, 290; and overcivilization, 209–29; and progress, 199; and species boundaries, 196, 314, 319–20, 348, 351–53; and Spencer, 186; and Wallace, 156; and Wharton 110, 117 Civil War: and amorality, 252; and Bellamy, 160; and Darwin correspondence, 1, 3; and Melville, 91, 94; and race relations, 203; and racial...