New Orleans after the Promises: Poverty, Citizenship, and the Search for the Great Society

Notes

NOTES Abbreviations ARC Amistad Research Center BC Hale Boggs Collection, Tulane University Libraries CDA City Demonstration Agency Collection, New Orleans Public Library CRC Community Relations Council Collection, Amistad Research Center CSC Community Services Collection, University of New Orleans FST Free Southern Theater Collection, Amistad Research Center HC Edward Hébert Collection, Tulane University Libraries Hill-LSU Hill Memorial Library, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana HRC Human Relations Committee Collection, New Orleans Public Library LACOLL Louisiana Collection, Tulane University Libraries LAWK The Louisiana Weekly LBJL Lyndon B. Johnson Library LC Winston Lill Collection, Tulane University Libraries LU Loyola University, Monroe Library, Department of Special Collections LWV League of Women Voters Collection, Tulane University Libraries NACCD National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders NARA National Archives and Records Administration NOPL New Orleans Public Library, Louisiana Division, City Archives and Special Collections NOSI New Orleans States-Item NOTP New Orleans Times-Picayune NYT New York Times PEC Political Ephemera Collection, Tulane University Libraries PRS Public Relations Series, Schiro Collection, New Orleans Public Library 335 SC Schiro Collection, New Orleans Public Library TUL Tulane University Libraries UA University Archives, Tulane University Libraries UNO University of New Orleans, Earl K. Long Memorial Library, Special Collections VCC Vieux Carré Courier WP Washington Post Introduction: Something New for the South? 1. Goodwin, Remembering America, 258. 2. Louis, Bowles, and Grace, Study of Racial Attitudes, 4–9; City Demonstration Agency [CDA], Comprehensive Demonstration Plan, 12–58; New Orleans City Planning Commission, Model Cities Application, 13 and 36–44; Report, Folder United Fund, Box 55, NAACP Field Office Records, Amistad Research Center [hereafter cited as ARC]; Bobo, The New Orleans Economy, 63–64. 3. New York Times [hereafter cited as NYT], 20, 21, and 22 September 1947. 4. Roy Reed, “Louisiana House for Tighter Definition,” NYT, 4 June 1970; The Louisiana Weekly [hereafter cited as LAWK], 27 June 1970; Washington Post [hereafter cited as WP], 21 June 1970, 24 June 1970; Jo Ann Carrigan, The Saffron Scourge. 5. Campanella, Time and Place in New Orleans, 37–81; Spain, “Race Relations and Residential Segregation in New Orleans,” 82–96. 6. Hirsch, “The Mayorality of Dutch Morial,” 461–84. 7. Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, 1963–1964, Volume I, Lyndon B. Johnson, “Annual Message to the Congress on the State of the Union,” 8 January 1964, 113–14; “Remarks at the University of Michigan,” 22 May 1964, ibid., 704–7. 8. Public Papers of the Presidents, 1965, Volume I, Lyndon B. Johnson, “Special Message to the Congress: The American Promise,” 15 March 1965, 281–87; James Harvey Kerns, “Facing the Facts of the Racial Relations Dilemma in New Orleans, Louisiana, 1964,” Folder Urban League of Greater New Orleans Serials , Box 64, Community Services Council Collection—Accession Number 34, Department of Special Collections, Earl K. Long Memorial Library [Community Services Council Collection, hereafter cited as CSC]. 9. Sheldon Hackney, Populism to Progressivism in Alabama; C. Vann Woodward , Origins of the New South, 1877–1913, 369. 10. Civil rights pioneer and labor leader A. Philip Randolph called the passage of civil rights legislation a “crisis of victory.” August Meier and John H. Bracey Jr., “The NAACP as a Reform Movement,” 29. 336 Notes to Pages 2–7 11. Recently, statistical analyses of improvement, elaborate criticism of black leaders who “sold out,” and penetrating expositions on the failures of urban regimes have given us a glimpse of the complications of inclusion. Reed, Stirrings in the Jug; Browning, Marshall, and Tabb, Protest Is not Enough; Stone, Regime Politics. 12. A search of the Proquest Historical Newspaper database reveals that the term Great Society appeared in over 2,500 articles in the New York Times and Washington Post between 1964 and 1966, in over 1,050 between 1967 and 1970, and in over 430 between 1971 and 1974. From 1950 to 1963, the combination had appeared only 58 times. 13. Anonymous black leader quoted in Clarence “Bombay” Smith, “The Common Man’s Political Analysis,” Black PAC Epitath, 11 August 1972, Political Ephemera Collection [hereafter cited as PEC], Department of Special Collections , Tulane University Libraries [hereafter cited as TUL]. 14. John Egerton’s The Americanization of Dixie: The Southernization of America was one of the first and most important identifiers of this regional/national dynamic. Other works are Applebome, Dixie Rising; Dan Carter, The Politics of Rage; Cochran, Democracy Heading South; Jacqueline Jones, The Dispossessed ; Lemann, The Promised...