Deluxe Jim Crow: Civil Rights and American Health Policy, 1935-1954

Index

|| 357 || Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (aids), 265 Adams, Numa P. G., 20, 38, 171, 208 African Americans. See blacks Alabama, 11, 17, 18, 122, 226, 234–35; disease and mortality in, 15, 17, 40, 136; maternity and midwivery in, 60, 84, 87; medical school creation in, 186, 211; number of physicians in, 230–31; Rothstein photos of, 112 Alexander, Will, 46, 51, 111 Allan, William, 139, 141 Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority, 117–18 American College of Surgeons, 162 American Dental Association, 52, 61, 239 American Dilemma, An (Myrdal), 110, 268 American Hospital Association, 110, 118, 144, 164, 165, 182–83 American Indians. See Native Americans American Medical Association, 77, 85, 113, 162, 164, 165, 186, 217; attitudes of, toward southern health crisis, 61; Council on Medical Education, 22, 36; exclusion of black physicians by constituent societies of, 16, 52, 263; opposition of, to federal aid to medical education, 212; opposition of, to national health insurance, 111, 128, 139, 145, 150–52, 169, 251 American Public Health Association, 56, 77, 80, 139 American Red Cross, and segregation of blood supply, 74, 120 antibiotics (penicillin), 2, 99 antilynching legislation, 106, 113, 116 Arkansas, 15, 17, 42, 52, 98, 122, 217, 237–38, 263 Asheville, N.C., 78 Association of American Medical Colleges , 217, 220 Atkins, James A., 69 Atlanta, Ga., 32–33, 37, 117, 136, 173–74, 220 Avery, Maltheus, 193–94 Baker, R. Scott, 226 Baltimore, Md., 11–12, 66, 168 Barnes, Boisey O., 53, 54 Bartley, Numan V., 179, 204 Beardsley, Edward H., 19, 58–59, 179, 180, 185, 206, 223 Beito, David T., 204, 277 Below the Potomac (Dabney), 21 Berryhill, Walter Reece, 229, 240, 242–43 Bertrand, Alvin, 41–42 Best, Andrew, 82, 150, 248–49 Bevan, Arthur Dean, 22 Bilbo, Theodore, 256 biostatistics. See statistics, morbidity and mortality Birmingham, Ala., 37, 50, 70, 103, 129, 172, 263 birth control, 12, 60, 89–90 Birth of a Nation, 27 birth rates, 77, 96–99, 109 Black, Hugo, 70, 105 Blackman, Edson, 144 black press, 112, 146, 151 Index || 358 || index blacks: appeals to white self-interest, 25; blamed for high southern death rates, 12; civil rights activism of, 3, 75, 117, 121, 170, 173–76, 206, 263, 275; concentrated in rural South, 30–31, 63–65, 110; criticisms of black institutions by, 28; demand for health care among, 48, 54, 75, 86, 171, 174–75; disfranchisement of, 18, 115; Great Migration of, 41, 42–44; as healthy carriers of disease, 13; high draft rejection rate among, 26; leveraged state governments to improve health and education , 18; as New Deal bureaucrats, 3, 46–48, 67; poor living conditions of, 11–12, 32–33, 42–44, 53–54, 110, 112, 130; profederal attitude of, 9; rising income of, 3, 122, 171, 174–75, 193, 202–3; treatment of, under New Deal, 50, 56–60, 65–70, 88–89, 113; urban, 42–44, 69–70, 110; in war effort, 97, 122, 124–26. See also black press; health professionals: black; hospitals: black; medical civil rights movement; mental health care for blacks; physicians : black Blalock, Lila, 90–91 Bousfield, Midian O., 19, 28, 36, 50, 208 Bowles, George W., 114 Bowman, Isaiah, 220–21, 271 Bowman Gray School of Medicine, 77, 195, 202, 232 Brewer, J. Street, 237 Brooks, Jennifer L., 215–16 Broughton, J. Melville, 143, 145, 157, 182–83 Brown, Lawrence Greely, 51–52 Brown v. Board of Education (1954), 2, 104, 107, 114, 186, 206, 226, 244, 266, 273–76 Bulwinkle, Alfred, 66, 184 Bunch, Amanda, 92, 93 Burney, Leroy, 65 Bynum, Charles H., 48 Caldwell, Millard F., 222–23, 227 Callen, Maude, 34, 93–95 Carnegie Foundation, 22–25, 208 Carter, Thomas L., 146 Carver Memorial Hospital (Chattanooga ), 172 Cecelski, David, 247–48 Charity Hospital (New Orleans), 63, 70–72 Chenault, H. Clay, 238 Chester County Hospital (S.C.), 73–74 Chowan County, N.C., 55 civil defense, 124, 126–27 Civil Rights Act (1964), 4, 5, 202, 205, 278 civil rights activism. See blacks Clark, J. Bayard, 184 Clark, Lawrence J., 178 Clark, Taliaferro, 64–65 Clawson, M. Don, 168–69, 213, 214–15, 216, 221, 222, 223, 224 Clayton, Dewey Monroe, 239–40 Cleland, W. A., 51 Cobb, W. Montague, 1–2, 150, 169, 172, 174, 175, 216, 217, 221, 234 Cochran, Doris, 184, 192 Cochran, Salter, 248 Coggs, Pauline Redmond, 56–57 College of Medical Evangelists, 209 Collins, William J., 180 Columbia, S.C., 170, 174 Commission on Interracial Cooperation, 46 Committee for Research in...