Turning the Tide: The University of Alabama in the 1960s

Notes

notes introduction 1. “The University of alabama: a History and brief academic resume: 1963,” frank a.rose Papers,Hoole special Collections library,University of alabama (Ua); hereafter cited as rose Papers with file names following. 2. marshal frady, Wallace (new york: random House, 1976), 78. George Wallace was on a five-year prelaw undergraduate program bypassing the bachelor’s degree and leading to a law degree. 3. “resolution by the student legislature, november 4, 1962,” rose Papers. 4. E. Culpepper Clark, The Schoolhouse Door: Segregation’s Last Stand at the University of Alabama (new york: oxford University Press, 1995), 157. 5. “Klan leader orders forces for barnett,” Birmingham Post-Herald, october 1, 1962, 1. 6. minutes of the University faculty meeting, november 14, 1962, rose Papers, Hubert E. mate secretary, faculty file, 1962. 7. “J. Jefferson bennett biographical sketch,” and “The Unitor” (weekly publication of the Tuscaloosa Exchange Club),october 17,1964,rose Papers,Jefferson bennett file, 1962. 8.C.vann Woodward,The Burden of Southern History,rev.ed.(baton rouge: louisiana state University Press, 1968), 190. 9. “learning from oxford,” Tuscaloosa News, october 7, 1962, 4. 10.mark stern,Calculating Visions:Kennedy,Johnson,and Civil Rights (new brunswick , nJ: rutgers University Press, 1992), 50–51. Chapter 1 1. suzanne rau Wolfe, The University of Alabama: A Pictorial History (Tuscaloosa: University of alabama Press, 1983), 51. 2. James b. sellers, “History of the University of alabama,” vol. ii, “1902–1957,” 210 / Notes to Pages 11–20 W. stanley Hoole, editor. This unpublished but bound and typed manuscript is available in the President’s office, University of alabama. The first eight chapters have numbered pages while the remainder does not. see pages 22–56. references to Julia Tutwiler’s role in opening the university to female students are found in Wolfe’s University of Alabama, 97. 3. sellers, “History of the University,” unnumbered pages in chapter 30, “reserve officer Training.” 4. ibid., 74–75. 5. “negro attends Her first U of a Class,” Birmingham News, february 3, 1956, 1. The best account of these events is in Clark, The Schoolhouse Door, 53–90. 6. Wolfe, University of Alabama, 200–202. 7. “negro student barred from Ua Campus to Halt rioting,” Birmingham News, february 7, 1956, 1. 8. f. david mathews, interview by author, dayton, ohio, may 6, 2009. 9. “resume for autherine lucy Case at the University of alabama,” rose Papers, 1956 desegregation file. 10. “What a Price for Peace,” Tuscaloosa News, february 7, 1956, 1. 11. “Was the Klan Thinking of violence?,” Crimson-White, may 14, 1957, 1. 12. “open forum meeting Undisturbed by KKK,” Crimson-White, may 15, 1957, 2, and Clark, The Schoolhouse Door, 143. 13. Clark, The Schoolhouse Door, 140. 14. frank a. rose, interview by John l. blackburn, tape recording, cassette 1, august 3, 1990, Hoole special Collections library, Ua. 15. Paul “bear” bryant and John Underwood, Bear: The Hard Life and Good Times of Alabama’s Coach Bryant (Chicago: Triumph books, 2007), 144. 16. allen barra, The Last Coach: A Life of Paul “Bear” Bryant (new york: W. W. norton, 2005), 214. 17. ibid., 226. 18. Warren Trest, Nobody but the People: The Life and Times of Alabama’s Youngest Governor (montgomery, al: new south books, 2008), 279. 19. “state of the University, 1962,” rose Papers, minutes of the board of Trustees file, november 1962. 20. ibid. 21. “a bell rang,” Crimson-White, september 27, 1962, 4. 22. “Klan leader offers force to barnett,” Birmingham Post-Herald, october 1, 1962, 1. 23. robert E. roberts, letter to author, June 15, 2010. 24.frye Gaillard,Cradle of Freedom:Alabama and the MovementThat Changed America (Tuscaloosa: University of alabama Press, 2004), 165. 25.“looking back,”Mahout, may 1963, 1, Hoole special Collections library, Ua. 26. letter, John l. blackburn to frank a. rose, december 10, 1963, rose Papers, faculty Correspondence file r, 1962. Notes to Pages 21–29 / 211 27. letter, frank a. rose to dr. John f. ramsey, december 12, 1962, rose Papers, faculty Correspondence file r, 1962. 28. letter, frank a. rose to dean Eric rogers, february 27, 1962, rose Papers, dean of Graduate school file, 1962. The university employed a three-hour/threequality point system. Grades of “a-” to “a+” received three quality points despite gradations between 90 and 100 percent.all “bs”received two,while “Cs”garnered a single quality point. 29.Wayne flynt, Alabama in the Twentieth Century (Tuscaloosa: University...