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Aconcagua, 132 aguirre cerda, pedro (president): attends anti-nazi event, 141; background of, 77–78; changes immigration policy, 101–2; and earthquake, 73–74; election of, 75, 76, 101; frees coup leaders, 78–79; intervenes to admit Jews, 95– 97; and Jewish immigration, 77; Jews’ gratitude toward, 90, 105; opposes nazis, 52; policies of, 78–79; vetoes communists’ ouster, 80–81 alessandri, arturo (president), 75, 76; blocks immigration increase, 101; criticisms of, 104; early policies of, 75; immigration policy of, 105; restricts Jews’ entry, 99 american Jewish Joint distribution committee (“Joint”), 89, 93 anglo, 82 anti-semitism: in Bergsteinfurt, 12, 28– 29; in chile, 48; in Europe, 23; in germany , 9, 11–21; 1930s growth in chile, 99–100; spread of, in chile, 149–51. See also germany; interviewees (in chile); Kristallnacht; nacis; nazis; specific cities and countries arabs, 150 argentina, 60, 62, 71, 73; bars Jews’ entry, 77; blocks Jewish immigration, 105–6; closes nazi schools, 141; immigration index totals in, 38, 106; limits Jews’ transit, 95–96; press praises chile, 146; refugees refused entry into, 95–96 antofagasta, 70, 71 Augustus, 89, 90, 91, 113, 138, 146, 181 australia, 24, 129 austria, anti-semitism in, 138 Belgium, 73 Berlin, 24, 35, 88, 89, 129, 132 Bolivia, visa restrictions of, 87 Brazil, 49, 52; closes nazi schools, 141; immigration to, 29, 38, 106; Jews denied entry into, 92 Bremen, 111 Britain, 129; accepts refugees, 24, 36–37; has small embassy staff, 47, 57; ocean battles of, 65, 68–71; visa difficulties with, 37 Brit Hanoar Hayehudi (Bnei akiva), 127 Buchenwald concentration camp, 131, 134 Buenos aires. See argentina Burgsteinfurt: anti-semitism in, 28–29; before Kristallnacht, 9–10, 12, 14–15, 18, 19–20 callao, 69 canada, 24, 129; Jewish immigration to, 106 Cap Norte, 96 216 / index catholic press, criticizes Jews, 144, 147 chile: economic problems of, 74–75, 79; favors agriculturists, 94; immigration totals of, 38, 93; Jewish visa requests to, 93–94; lack of anti-semitism in, 131, 134; nazi influence in, opposed, 53– 64; need for immigrants, 113; nitrate industry, 75; non-Jews accepted in, 95; officials aid with visas, 88–89; trade with germany, 74 chile, government of: anti-naci actions by, 51, 52, 59, 60–61, 64; anti-naci law passed by, 81; bars Jewish singer, 147; break with germany, 48, 54, 64; and Jewish issue contradictions, 147; Jews aided by, 105; laws restrict Jewish entry , 99, 100; 1918 immigration law, 98; removes consul, 103; restricts Jews’ entry , 94, 102–3; sends Jews to south, 146–47 chile, parliament of: debates Jewish issue, 145–46; nazis attacked in, 56 chileans: aid to Jews by, 136–37; antisemitism of, 137, 138, 139; groups oppose Jews, 137, 147; hold anti-nazi rallies, 140–41, 142–43; lack of antisemitism by, 138 chilean army, nazi influence in, 55 chilean citizenship, problems obtaining, 148, 178 chilean consuls, restrict Jewish visas, 93– 94, 102–5 chilean german youth (dJc), 51, 56, 61; rejected by nacis, 84 chilean politics: events of 1938, 75, 80, 85; upheavals of 1920s and 1930s, 75–76 chilean press, pro– and anti-Jewish views of, 139–49 chilean Jews: activities of, 106–110; aid from outside for, 93, 105, 107; boycott nazi goods, 108; early work with germans, 46–47; economic impact of, 106–9; economic statistics of, 100–1; form organizations, 99–100; quit german groups, 99; in south, 91, 109–10; youth groups, importance of, 128. See also german Jews; Jews; specific cities chilean south, Jews sent to, 91, 96, 109– 110, 113 chillán earthquake, 73–74, 101 chiloé, 59 círculo israelita, attacked by nacis, 148 colombia, anti-Jewish law of, 150 committee for the protection of Jewish immigrants, 93, 100; praises aguirre cerda, 105 communists: newspaper criticizes germany , 139; opposed by nacis, 83–84; ouster from parliament blocked, 80– 81; support aguirre cerda, 76, 78 concepción, 46, 73, 97, 110 congress of democracies (1939), 96 Conte Grande, 88, 90, 96, 112, 131, 144 Copiapó, 89; journey of, 65–68 coquimbo, 71 costa rica, visa charges by, 112 cuba, visa restrictions of, 87 curicó, 141 dachau labor camp, 34 denmark, 36 dichoto, 71–72 dominican republic, immigration to, 105, 106 Ecuador, 68, 130; Jewish immigration debated in, 145 Edwards, agustín, 131 England. See Britain Evian conference (1938), 105 Falange, 80 Forum youth group (becomes Forum Habonim and gordonia chile, and ijud Hanoar Hajalutzi), 127–34 Frutillar, 45 [3.138.175.180] Project MUSE (2024-04-25 09:08...

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