Prehistory of the Central Mississippi Valley

Preface

Figures P-l. The Central Mississippi Valley xii 1-1. Post-Archaic cultural sequence in southeast Missouri 4 1-2. Archaeological phase in southeast Missouri during the Poverty Point period 5 1-3. Archaeological phases in southeast Missouri during the Tchula period 6 1-4. Archaeological phase in southeast Missouri during the Marksville period 7 1-5. Archaeological phases in southeast Missouri during the Baytown period 8 1-6. Archaeological phases in southeast Missouri during the Coles Creek period 9 1-7. Archaeological phases in southeast Missouri during the Mississippian period 10 1-8. Major site locations in southeast Missouri 12 1-9. Mississippi County, Missouri, radiocarbon dates before A.D. 900 16 1-10. Mississippi County, Missouri, radiocarbon dates from A.D. 900 to present 17 1-11. New Madrid County, Missouri, radiocarbon dates before A.D. 900 22 1-12. New Madrid County, Missouri, radiocarbon dates from A.D. 900 to present 23 1-13. Geologic landform radiocarbon dates, northern Mississippi County, Missouri 27 1-14. Late Archaic landscape, ca. 2000 B.C. 28 1-15. Eastern Lowlands radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dates 34 1-16. Powers phase radiocarbon dates 38 1-17. Ozark Edge radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dates 39 2-1. The western Kentucky border 48 2-2. The regional chronology for the western Kentucky border and Cairo Lowland 52 2-3. Horizontal plan of the Story Mound site (23Mi510) excavation, showing the locations of burials and other features 59 2-4. The O'Byam's Fort site near Hickman, Fulton County, Kentucky 60 vii viii I Figures 2-5· The Rice site, a Late Woodland village in southern Fulton County, Kentucky 63 2-6. The Twin Mounds site, a large multicomponent village in northern Ballard County, Kentucky 65 2-7· Area III at the Hoecake site 68 2-8. The Turk site in northern Carlisle County, Kentucky 69 2-9· The Adams site in Fulton County, Kentucky 72 3-1. Major archaeological sites in the Reelfoot Lake Basin 78 3-2. Ceramic vessels from 400B6 87 3-3· Bone implements from 40LK10 9° 4-1. Major soil zones in western Tennessee 98 4-2. Terminal Archaic complexes in western Tennessee 1°5 5-1. Northeast Arkansas 120 5-2. Distribution of Dalton sites, northeast Arkansas 121 5-3· Dalton artifacts from northeast Arkansas 123 5-4· Distribution of late-period Mississippian sites, northeast Arkansas 129 5-5· Summary of northeast Arkansas culture history 13° 6-1. Landforms and rivers in east-central Arkansas 138 6-2. Location of selected archaeological sites in east-central Arkansas 141 6-3· Kent phase jar rim modes 149 6-4- Wallace Incised rimsherd from the Sarassa Lake site (3LI79), Lincoln County, Arkansas 151 7-1. The Upper Yazoo Basin of Mississippi 156 7-2. Distinctive projectile forms from the Upper Yazoo Basin 161 7-3· Some major sites in the Upper Yazoo Basin 166 7-4· Cultural phases in the Upper Yazoo Basin of Mississippi 185 8-1. Approximate chronology of phases, key sites, and terms in the Central Mississippi Valley 252 Tables 1-1. Mississippi County, Missouri, radiocarbon dates before A.D. 900 14 1-2. Mississippi County, Missouri, radiocarbon dates from A.D. 900 to present 15 1-3· New Madrid County, Missouri, radiocarbon dates before A.D. 900 18 1-4· New Madrid County, Missouri, radiocarbon dates from A.D. 900 to present 20 1-5· Controlled surface collections from La Plant, St. Johns Bayou, and Bernard La Plant 24 a. Summary of temper classes b. Surface finish 1-6. Geologic landform radiocarbon dates, northern Mississippi County, Missouri 25 1-7· Eastern Lowlands radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dates 3° 1-8. Powers phase radiocarbon dates 36 1-9· Ozark Edge radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dates, excluding Powers phase dates 4° 2-1. Western Kentucky border and Cairo Lowland radiocarbon dates for Paleo-Indian through Late Woodland sites 5° 3-1. Radiocarbon determinations from the Reelfoot Basin 88 4-1. Early Woodland ceramic frequencies by district: west Tennessee 1°7 4-2. Radiocarbon and paleomagnetic dates from Chucalissa (40SY1) 113 5-1. Artifact contrasts among three Dalton sites 122 6-1. Summary of chronometric dates from east-central Arkansas 139 6-2. Ceramics from pre-Mississippian midden at the Clay Hill site, Lee County, Arkansas 144 6-3· Ceramics from selected proveniences at the Barrett site, Lee County, Arkansas 147 ix ...