Hardaway Revisited: Early Archaic Settlement in the Southeast

Appendix A. Variables Recorded in the Analysis

Appendix A Variables Recorded in the Analysis The variables used in the analysis of the chipped-stone tools in the Hardaway assemblage are listed below. All bifacial and unifacial tools were initially classi¤ed according to tool class (see Chapter 4) and raw material type (see Chapter 3). Additional variables were recoded for speci¤c tool classes as indicated below. All metric variables were recorded to the nearest millimeter. Chapters 4 and 5 present summaries of the metric and nonmetric variables. POINTS The following variables were recorded on all Early Archaic points in the Hardaway assemblage. Condition “Condition” indicates whether the artifact was intact or broken. If the specimen was broken but was still identi¤able as a point type, the tool portion was recorded: base, body, ear, or barb. If the point was essentially complete but some tool portion was missing (i.e., tip, ear, barb, or some combination), it was recorded as such. Total Length Total length was measured from base to tip on Palmer and Kirk points. On Hardaway points this dimension was measured from a line drawn perpendicular to both ears and the point tip. Only values for intact specimens were used in calculating this dimension. Axial Length Axial length was measured on Hardaway points along the tool midline from the top of the basal concavity to the point tip. In corner-notched points, this measurement is the same as total length. Tang Length This dimension records the maximum tang length from the point base to the top of the tang; in the case of notched points, the latter was de¤ned as a line drawn perpendicular to tang length tangent to the top of both notches. Basal Width “Basal width” records the maximum width of the base or the maximum distance between ears in the case of Hardaway points. Tang Width On all notched points, tang width was taken as the minimum distance between notches; on Hardaway-Dalton points, tang width was measured as the minimum width of the base. Shoulder Width Shoulder width was taken parallel to tang width. On notched points, this dimension records the maximum distance between blade barbs, which usually corresponds to maximum blade width. On Hardaway-Dalton points, however, shoulder width was often greater than blade width. In this case, shoulder width was recorded as the maximum distance along the top of the base. Midblade Width Midblade width was measured parallel to shoulder width midway up the blade. Maximum Thickness This dimension was recorded as the maximum distance perpendicular to total length and basal width. 206 Appendix A Basal Grinding The presence/absence of basal grinding was monitored by a series of the following categories: complete, partial, absent, or indeterminate. “Complete ” refers to the presence of continuous grinding along the point base. “Partial” refers to incomplete or discontinuous basal grinding. “Absent” and “indeterminate” refer to the absence or indeterminacy of basal grinding , respectively. Degree of Basal Grinding The amount of basal grinding was indicated by three categories: distinct , light, and indeterminate. Blade Beveling The presence/absence of blade beveling was recorded. Blade Serrations Four values recorded the presence or absence of blade serrations: distinct , light, absent, and indeterminate. BIFACES The following variables were recorded on bifaces. Biface Condition “Condition” indicates whether the specimen was intact or broken. If it was broken, the tool portion was recorded: tip, body, base/end, or unidenti ¤ed fragment. If the specimen was essentially whole but was missing a small portion of the tip, body, or base, it was classi¤ed as complete. Maximum Length Maximum length was recorded as the total length of the specimen from base to tip. Maximum Width The maximum width was recorded perpendicular to maximum length. Appendix A 207 Maximum Thickness Maximum thickness was measured perpendicular to both maximum length and maximum width. Fractures If the specimen was broken, the type of fracture was recorded: hinge/step, reverse, perverse, lateral snap, and material ®ow. These determinations largely follow Crabtree (1972) and Johnson (1981:43–52). UNIFACIAL TOOL BLANKS The following variables were recorded on unifacial tools. Variables relating to tool blanks are de¤ned ¤rst. Blank Type All tools were classi¤ed according to whether they derived from a block, a biface, or an indeterminate core (see Chapter 5). Transverse Cross-Section Shape A cross-section shape was attributed to each tool: triangular, offset triangular , ®at trapezoidal, convex trapezoidal, concave trapezoidal, planoconvex , other, or indeterminate. Cross-section determination was made from the proximal end of the specimen with the dorsal...