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3. Annual Visitor Traf¤c to Selected Western North Carolina Attractions, 1940–1949 127 4. Second-Home Ownership in Selected Western North Carolina Counties, 1970–1990 143 5. Income (in Dollars) Generated by Tourism for Selected Western North Carolina Counties, 1983–1986 147 6. Female Tourism Workers by Race and Occupation, 1880–1920 173 7. Male Tourism Workers by Race and Occupation, 1880–1920 174 8. Tourism Workers by Place of Birth, 1880–1920 175 9. Western North Carolina Population, 1880–1920 177 10. Tourism Workers by County, 1880–1920 177 x : Illustrations Acknowledgments History is a collaborative enterprise, and I would like to thank those who helped me as I worked to complete this book. My intellectual debts are many and must begin with the men who guided me through graduate school. Max Williams taught me so much, both inside and outside the classroom. His teaching, scholarship, and presence continue to shape my life. He is a second father to me. At Auburn University, Wayne Flynt was more than a model major professor. His scholarly example , integrity, and reform vision for the region he loves continue to inspire me in many ways. I hope to one day live up to the high standards both these mentors set. Historians often thank archivists for their assistance, but I think North Carolina has the best anywhere. Anyone who did research in the North Carolina Collection at the University of North Carolina during Alice Cotten’s tenure will tell you that Alice knows more about North Carolina history than just about anyone else and shares that knowledge unsel¤shly. Her colleagues at the Southern Historical Collection made my time in Wilson Library extremely productive as well. At Western Carolina University’s Hunter Library, George Frizzell and Pricilla Proctor helped locate sources for this and several other projects, always with great skill and good humor. Librarians at Pack Memorial Library in Asheville gave me the bene¤t of their knowledge of their stacks and of local history. At the University of North Carolina at Asheville, Helen Wyckle manages a great collection and embodies a contagious passion for regional history. Others contributed to this project in various ways. Nina Anderson generously shared her excellent unpublished history of the Western North Carolina Associated Communities with me. Bren Martin’s important work on mountain tourism shaped mine in many ways, even if we disagree in some of our conclusions. Anne Miller, editor of the North Carolina Historical Review, and Donna Kelly, historical publications administrator with the North Carolina Of¤ce of Archives and History, both encouraged my work and allowed me to reprint portions of an essay that appeared earlier in the Review. Two able graduate assistants, Rob Ferguson and Tammy Frizzell, assisted me with census research and, with Keith Alexander, Dan Menestres, Joel Evans, and Ngaire Smith, debated and discussed many of the ideas contained in this book. I remain grateful to the North Caroliniana Society for an Archie K. Davis Fellowship that allowed me to complete much of the research for this book. Likewise, I spent the 2003–2004 academic year as Hunter Scholar at Western Carolina University, completing revisions that would have taken much longer without such support. My colleagues at Western Carolina University make our department a very pleasant place to teach and write. For many years Jim Lewis served as a sounding board, mentor, and cheerleader, just what a department head should be. Tyler Blethen and Curtis Wood graciously shared their knowledge of Appalachian history, a ¤eld of inquiry they helped to pioneer. Curtis gave me my ¤rst job teaching history, and I hope he does not regret it. Scott Philyaw, Vicki Szabo, and Gael Graham offered much-appreciated advice and support along the way. Suzanne McDowell , curator of our Mountain Heritage Center, gave me the bene¤t of her friendship and her knowledge of regional history. Dean Robert Vartabedian showed interest in my work and assisted in the completion of this book in many important ways. David Dorondo and Clete Fortwendel tolerated many conversations related to this book when they probably would have rather talked about anything else. Nevertheless, they remain my dear friends. Elizabeth Gillespie McRae took time away from her own work to read drafts, cajole, challenge, and give me the bene¤t of her careful eye and impressive grasp of southern history. Her friendship and insight made this a better book. Friends beyond Cullowhee also aided the completion of this project. John Inscoe is perhaps the most positive...

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