John Steinbeck Goes to War: The Moon is Down as Propaganda

Works Cited

148 took place on Easter Sunday; Colby insists it occurred on Palm Sunday (letter to the author, 27 May 1982). 28. William E. Colby, letter to the author, 30 Mar. 1981. 3. DEN MAR K 1. Mogens Staffeldt, personal interview, 20 May 1981. 2. David Lampe, The Savage Canary: The Story ofthe Resistance in Denmark (London: Cassell, 1957) 2, 36. 3. J0rgen H~strup, Secret Alliance: A Study of the Danish Resistance Movenzent, 1940-45, trans. Alison Borch-Johansen, 3 vols. ([Odense]: Odense University Press, 1976) 1: 15-16. 4. Lampe 2. 5. J0rgen Hxstrup, From Occupied to Ally: Danish Resistance Movement, 1940-45, trans. Reginald Spink (Copenhagen: Det Berlingske Bogtrykkeri, 1963) 8-11. 6. J0rgenJacobsen, personal interview, 18 May 1981. 7. Jacobsen, personal interview. 8. Tetsumaro Hayashi, "Steinbeck's Political Vision in The Moon Is Down," Steinbeck's World War II Fiction, The Moon Is Down: Three Explications, Essay Series, No. 1 (Muncie, IN: Steinbeck Research Institute, Ball State University, 1986) 2. 9. J0rgen Jacobsen, letter to the author, 30 Oct. 1982. 10. Harold Flender, Rescue in Denmark (New York: Simon, 1963) 57-58. 11. Staffeldt, personal interview. NOTES TO CHAPTER 4 12. Staffeldt, personal interview. 13. Jacobsen, personal interview. 14. John Steinbeck, The Moon Is Down (New York: Viking, 1942) 178. 15. Mogens Knudsen, personal interview, 20 May 1981. 16. Uacobsen,J0rgen, and Paul LangJ, "Forlagets efterskrift," Maanen erskjult, [trans.J0rgenJacobsen and Paul LangJ ([CopenhagenJ : De Danske Studenters Forlag, [1942J) [59]. 17. H~strup, From Occupied to Ally 27-31. 18. Flender 229. 19. Leo Buschardt, Albert Fabritius, and Helge T0nnesen, Bestettelsestidens illegale blade og b0ger [Illegal Pamphlets and Books ofthe Period of Occupation] (Copenhagen: Det Kongelige Bibliotek, 1954) 191-92, items 362-75. See also p. 8, item 463, in the Supplement to the above, and p. 7, items 574-83, in the typescript Supplement II til AlJabetisk fortegnelse over illegale b0ger [Second Supplement to the Alphabetical Index of Illegal Books] ([Copenhagen]: [Det Kongelige BibliotekJ, n.d.). 20. Knudsen, personal interview. 21. Flender 230-32; Staffeldt, personal interview. 4. H 0 L LAN D 1. This and all subsequent quotations of Ferdinand Sterneberg are from a personal interview of 25 May 1981. 2. Steinbeck, The Moon Is Down 118-19. 150 3. Steinbeck, The Moon Is Down 185. 4. See also Anna E. C. Simoni, comp., Publish and Be Free: A Catalogue ofClandestine Books Printed in the Netherlands, 19401945 , in the British Library (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1975) 187. 5. Goldstone and Payne, Steinbeck 154; Index Translationum : International Bibliography ofTranslations, vol. 30 (Paris: UNESCO, 1977) 577. 5. F RAN C E 1. This discussion of the founding of the Editions de Minuit and of its subsequent publications is taken from Jacques DebuBridel ,Les Editions de Minuit: Historique et bibliographie (Paris: Editions de Minuit, 1945). I am indebted to Mary Gutermuth and Donald Stalling for the English translation. 2. This inforlnation comes from Pierre Rosselli, who helped his father, Jean-Pierre, a former member of the resistance, to arrange meetings for me with people who had worked with the Editions de Minuit during the occupation. Early in May 1981 Pierre, then a student of journalism in Paris, telephoned Mme. Paraf-Desvignes (known at that time by the hyphenated combination of her married name, Motchane, and her old nom de guerre) to set up an appointment for me. During the course of that conversation, Mme. Motchane-Desvignes mentioned in passing that itwas Eluard who had suggested the title N uits noires. She then agreed to see me sometime between 17 May and 22 May and to NOTES TO CHAPTER 6 provide further information about her translation of Steinbeck's novel. Unfortunately, Mme. Motchane-Desvignes died suddenlya few days before I arrived in Paris to interview her. 3. Albert Gerard, Ala recontre deJohn Steinbeck [A Reassessment ofJohn Steinbeck] ([BrusselsJ: La Sixaine, [1947J) 30. 4. Jean-Paul Sartre, "American Novelists in French Eyes," Atlantic Monthly Aug. 1946: 116. 5. Yvonne Paraf-Desvignes, Note du traducteur, Nuits noires (Paris: Editions de Minuit, 1944) [7]. 6. Nuits noires [4J. 6. 0 THE ReO U N T R I E S 1. Steinbeck, Life in Letters 590. 2. Bo Beskow, personal interview, 23 May 1981. 3. Steinbeck, Life in Letters 251. 4. Debu-Bridel, Editions de Minuit 78. 5. Forthis discussion ofAnna Katharina Rehmann-Salten and the publication and reception of her translation and dramatization of The Moon Is Down in Switzerland...