Medicine by Design: The Architect and the Modern Hospital, 1893–1943

Illustrations

figure I.1. Superintendent of Hôpital Notre-Dame, circa 1930 xxiii figure 1.1. Panoramic view, Montreal A.D. MDCCCCVI 1 figure 1.2. Postcard of Royal Victoria Hospital, about the time of its opening 3 figure 1.3. Postcard of Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montreal 5 figure 1.4. Western Hospital, Atwater Avenue, Montreal, circa 1900 5 figure 1.5. Longitudinal section, Royal Victoria Hospital 7 figure 1.6. Women’s ward, Royal Victoria Hospital, circa 1894 11 figure 1.7. Typhoid ward, Royal Victoria Hospital 12 figure 1.8. Fragment of floor plan, Royal Victoria Hospital 12 figure 1.9. Window sashes for sick wards (window detail) 13 figure 1.10. Operating room (medical theater), Royal Victoria Hospital, circa 1894 16 figure 1.11. Operating room (surgical theater), Royal Victoria Hospital, circa 1894 17 figure 1.12. Anatomy study, McGill University, 1884 18 figure 1.13. Pathology Building, Royal Victoria Hospital, circa 1894 19 figure 1.14. Surgical theater plans, 1892 19 figure 1.15. Surgical theater plan and detailed section 20 figure 1.16. Surgical theater section, 1892 21 figure 1.17. Pemberton operating theater, Victoria 22 figure 1.18. Section showing ventilation, Royal Victoria Hospital 25 figure 1.19. Section of East Wing Tower 26 Illustrations figure 1.20. A. Saxon Snell, ideal, disconnected sanitary tower 27 figure 1.21. Original plan of the Royal Victoria Hospital 29 figure 2.1. Ross Memorial Pavilion crowned the site of the older Royal Victoria Hospital 34 figure 2.2. Site plan, including garden and teahouse 36 figure 2.3. Entrance gate for automobiles, Ross Memorial Pavilion, Royal Victoria Hospital 37 figure 2.4. Surgical suite 39 figure 2.5. Lobby, Royal Victoria Montreal Maternity Hospital 43 figure 2.6. Second-floor plan, Royal Victoria Montreal Maternity Hospital 43 figure 2.7. Multibed wards for nonpaying maternity patients 44 figure 2.8. Outpatients’ waiting room 45 figure 2.9. Subterranean entry sequence for poorer patients at Royal Victoria Montreal Maternity Hospital 46 figure 2.10. Plan of lying-in hospital in Providence, Rhode Island 46 figure 2.11. Nurses’ living room 47 figure 2.12. Operating room, Royal Victoria Montreal Maternity Hospital 48 figure 2.13. Royal Victoria Montreal Maternity Hospital 49 figure 2.14. Advertisement for rubberized flooring in the modern hospital 51 figure 2.15. Private room for maternity patients, Royal Victoria Montreal Maternity Hospital, 1926 52 figure 2.16. Children’s ward, Royal Victoria Hospital, 1894 53 figure 2.17. Ward N at Royal Victoria Hospital 54 figure 2.18. Victoria Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto 55 figure 2.19. Floor plans of Victoria Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto 57 figure 2.20. Glass screens, Hôpital Ste-Justine, Montreal 58 figure 2.21. View down interior corridor of Isolation Pavilion in Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto 59 figure 2.22. Pasteurizing room, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto 59 figure 2.23. Children’s Memorial Hospital, Mount Royal, circa 1936 61 figure 2.24. Nurse “walking” patients in beds in outdoor spaces 62 figure 2.25. Patients on Children’s Memorial Hospital rooftops 63 figure 2.26. Hutlike physiotherapy ward at Children’s Memorial Hospital, circa 1942 64 x i l l u st r at i o n s figure 2.27. Children’s Memorial Hospital, fund-raising perspective 65 figure 2.28. Hôpital Ste-Justine 66 figure 2.29. Cozy, houselike aspects of Children’s Memorial Hospital, circa 1912 68 figure 2.30. Snapshot, Nurse Rose Wilkinson’s album 68 figure 3.1. Site plan, Royal Victoria Hospital 73 figure 3.2. Aerial view of Royal Victoria Hospital, circa 1932 73 figure 3.3. Ground-floor plan of nurses’ residence 75 figure 3.4. Watercolor perspective of new nurses’ residence, Royal Victoria Hospital 76 figure 3.5. Nurses’ residence, 1907 77 figure 3.6. Entry and gate to nurses’ residence, Royal Victoria Hospital, 1917 77 figure 3.7. Gymnasium/reception room, nurses’ residence 79 figure 3.8. Meredith House 82 figure 3.9. Classroom, nurses’ residence 83 figure 3.10. Advertisement for door hardware, featuring nurse 85 figure 3.11. Interns’ building perspective, Ross & Macdonald architects, 1929 87 figure 3.12. Billiard room 88 figure 4.1. Hospital architect Edward Fletcher Stevens 91 figure 4.2. Burleigh House by Kendall & Stevens, South Berwick, Maine 92 figure 4.3. Green House by Rand & Taylor and Kendall & Stevens, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts 92...