Raza Studies: The Public Option for Educational Revolution

Index

197 ability tracking: racial and educational disparities and, 112–13 Advanced Placement (AP) courses: class size and level of teacher professional training in, 47; entrance requirements for, 48–49 Allen, Sylvia: Arizona state senator, 66–67 Alvarez v. Lemon Grove (1931), 54 A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform, 146 Angelou, Maya, 111 anti-ethnic studies legislation, 53 Arizona Citizenship Bill: as a challenge to US Constitution, 66 Arizona Department of Education (ADE), 68 Arizona Education Association, 76 Arizona English Language Learner Assessment (AZELLA), 68–69; manipulation of scores and, 83 Arizona Instrument to Measure Standards (AIMS): exit exam for state’s high school students, 42; achievement gap AIMS between MAS and non-MAS students; between very low, medium and high income students, 43; rates of improvement between MAS and non-MAS students, 44–45; positive effect of SJEP participation on Mexican American students passing test, 132 Arizona official state gun, 64 Arizona Senate Concurrent Resolution 1010: prohibiting courts from considering international law, 67 Arizona state legislature: political and generational makeup of, 80; racial and gender makeup of, 80–81 ARS (Arizona Revised Statute) 15– 112(A): and suspension of SJEP classes, 120n1, 126 Aztec calendar, 175 Baja Arizona, 67 Baldenegro, Salomón, 54, 58 banking education: concept of Paulo Freire, 117 barrio pedagogy, 28 Brewer, Jan: Arizona governor, 56; signing of HB 2281 by, 61; stance against federal regulation of the state’s immigration policy, 146 Brown v. Board of Education US Supreme Court decision (1954), 54; overturning separate but equal education regarding race, 167; “Brown at 50” 2004 publication of UCLA Civil Rights Project, 169n7 Calpulli Teoxicalli, 60 Cambium Learning Incorporated: audit of TUSD’s MAS program by, 57 Castillo, Guadalupe (Lupe), 54, 58 Center for Epidemiologic Studies– Depression Scale (CES-D), 98 Chicana/o movement: and civic engagement and ethnic identity, 94 Chicana/o studies: fortieth anniversary of, 94 Index 198 · Index Chicano movement and demand for Chicano studies, 54 Church of San Agustín: as symbol of community cooperation in Tucson’s Mexican American community in nineteenth century, 150 Civil Rights Project: UCLA project critical of Arizona’s ELD program, 86n13 conscientization and authentic liberation through pedagogy, 175 counternarratives and counterstories: defined, 16 critical consciousness building exercises, 20 critical literacy: defined, 6; Freirean concept of, 173 critically compassionate intellectualism (CCI), 15–36; model of transformative education, 18 table 1.1; tridimensionalized model of, 19 critical multicultural education, 142 critical race theory (CRT), 15; and Chicano studies as analytical lenses, 111 cultural capital, 22 “cultural deficits” theory and Latina/o families: SJEP rejection of, 123 cultural generation gap: ideological divide, 80; relation to age and ethnicity, 80; US Metropolitan areas with largest gap, 80 table 4.5 Discrete Skills Inventory (DSI), 71; designed as “sequential series of English language skills,” 74–76 Dominguez, Kim, xx, 38 Dugan, Margaret: Arizona Deputy Superintendent of Public Instruction, 143 Dupnik, Clarence: Pima County Sheriff, 65; refusal to enforce SB 1070 (racial profiling law), 65 educational funding in Arizona: low rank of, 147; as a violation of state constitution, 147 Eisenhower Professional Development Program, 141–42 Elías, Richard: Pima County Supervisor, 137; as presenter at Institute for Transformative Education, 155 Encuentros: tightening social bonds through, 122; forums for student research presentations to parents, teachers and community members, 122–24; as “funds of knowledge,” 128; building trust through, 131; student academic identities and, 131 engaged and disengaged coping: between ethnic groups, 101; ethnic identity and, 101–5 English Language Development program (ELD): also known as “Language Star,” 69, 69 fig. 4.1, 71; four-hour daily block of, 72; explicit time allocations of, 73 English Language Learners (ELLs): education of; public discourse on, 63; political concerns about, 64; Arizona education policies on as a reaction to demographic shifts, 64, 68; underidentification of, 83 English Language Learner Task Force, 82; and defense of four-hour ELD block, 84; listing of members of, 87n18 ethnic group differences: regarding stress, coping responses, self esteem and civic engagement, 99–105 Euro-American cultural bias, 125 Flores v. Arizona: and Equal Educational Opportunity Act, 82 “Four Tables” exercise, 23 Freire, Paulo: theory of Critically Compassionate Intellectualism (CCI), xviii; author of Pedagogy of the Oppressed, 3; background and theories of, 4–8; Freirean approaches, 11; generative works and themes methodology, 111; banking education theory of vs. problem-posing pedagogy of, 117–18 Index · 199 funds of knowledge: use of with SJEP Encuentros, 122–34...