Defending America: The Case for Limited National Missile Defense

Index

247 ABL. See Airborne laser ABMs. See Anti-ballistic missiles ABM Treaty. See Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty Aegis. See Radar Agreed Framework, 62 Airborne laser (ABL): as boost-phase defense, 105; development of, 42, 240n61; how it works,112; reaction of China and Russia, 150-51; vulnerability of, 110–11, 147. See also Laser Air resistance, 35 Alaska: National Missile Defenses, 24, 82–83, 89–90, 144; North Korean threat, 59, 61; recommended location, 151–52; x-band radar sites, 99 Albright, Madeleine, 13, 64 Aleutian Islands, 24, 83, 89, 152. See also Shemya Island Anthrax. See Biological and chemical weapons Anti-ballistic missiles (ABMs), 54–55 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM Treaty; 1972): China and, 123, 159–61; collapse of Soviet Union and, 26–27; European view of, 131; limits and provisions, 5, 25, 114–15, 134, 146, 154–55; modi- fication and revision, 146–47, 148, 150, 154–55, 156–62, 166–67; motivation of, 5, 154; National Missile Defense, 90–91, 108, 109, 114, 117, 144, 145, 156–62; NATO and, 132; Navy theater-wide defense system, 101; Russia and, 5, 25, 90, 108, 117, 118–19, 120–21, 122–23, 132, 145–46, 153, 156, 158–59, 160, 161–62, 177–92; theater missile defenses, 101, 146; treaty and related documents, 169–92; United Nations view of, 123, 139; United States and, 26–28, 63, 122–23, 132, 140, 152, 158–59 Argentina, 12, 52 Arms control: National Missile Defense and, 2, 141, 164; Russia and, 158; United States and, 17, 28, 140–41, 158, 159 Arms race: Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, 117; China-Taiwan, 130; Index China-United States, 129–30, 160; mutual vulnerability and, 5, 7; National Missile Defense and, 1–2, 4, 5, 21–22, 137–38, 160; post–cold war, 7, 10; sales and proliferation of arms, 74–75, 126, 127–28, 157, 161, 207–11; weapons of mass destruction, 71 Asia, 130, 134–39 Atmosphere: decoys and, 47, 48, 103; effects on chemical and biological weapons, 63; effects on laser, 45, 110; end of, 33; exoatmospheric defenses and flight, 33, 46, 47, 154; Navy theater-wide defense system, 42; reentry into, 35 Aum Shinrikyo (Japan), 76 Australia, 135, 136 Balkan countries, 163 Ballistic flight, 32. See also Missiles— ballistic Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO), 60, 93 Balloons, 96 Belarus, 27, 51, 177-92 Berger, Samuel R. “Sandy,” 72 Biological and chemical weapons: anthrax, 13; Chinese, 127; effects, 71, 98; hydrogen cyanide, 67; Iranian, 67–68, 205; Iraqi, 67, 206; North Korean, 62–63; sarin gas, 67, 76; suitcase bombs, 75; as submunitions and countermeasures, 96; use of, 12–13, 16; VX, 67. See also Weapons of mass destruction Blackmail, 154 BMDO. See Ballistic Missile Defense Organization Boost-phase defenses. See Missile defense Brazil, 12, 51, 52, 74 Britain. See Great Britain Bush, George W.: Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, 26, 163; campaign pledges, 1, 163–64; defense spending, 92; National Missile Defense, 162–64, 167; view of defense development, 10, 11, 20, 105; view of nuclear balance of power, 54 Bush (George H. W.) administration: Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, 26, 118; Global Protection against Limited Strikes, 103–04, 113; Persian Gulf War, 18; pull-out of nuclear weapons, 159; Strategic Defense Initiative, 3, 4 Bush (George W.) administration: National Missile Defense, 1, 99, 145, 152,157, 159 166–67; negotiations with Russia, 121; START III, 54 Canada, 131, 132, 133, 134, 152. See also North Atlantic Treaty Organization Capability 1, 2, and 3 (C1, C2, C3). See National Missile Defense Carter, Jimmy, 26 Caspian Sea, 108, 149 Casualties from missile attack, 79–81 CBO. See Congressional Budget Office Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 67, 75 Chechnya war, 9, 11, 119, 123 Chemical weapons. See Biological and chemical weapons Chen Shui-bien, 125 Chevaline system, 95 China, People’s Republic of: airborne laser and, 150–51; arms control and, 159; Australia and, 136; countermeasure technology, 58, 95, 127, 161; deterrence, 56, 58, 71–72, 115, 124–25, 128, 129, 130, 147, 160; espionage by, 225–26; great power status, 124–25; India and, 137–38; Iran and, 65, 128; missiles of, 4, 9, 12, 24, 25, 56–58, 124–26, 160, 161; National Missile Defense and, 2, 248 INDEX 10–11, 24, 123–30, 137–38, 144, 146, 150, 152–54, 160–61; North Korea and, 11, 63, 128–29; nuclear deterrents, 22–23, 25, 128; Pakistan and, 128; radar, 58...