The Last Hurrah?: Soft Money and Issue Advocacy in the 2002 Congressional Elections

Index

AARP, 78, 150–51 ABC (Associated Builders and Contractors ), 216 Abortion as campaign issue: Colorado Seventh District congressional race, 193, 196; Minnesota U.S. Senate race, 119; Missouri U.S. Senate race, 140, 149–50; South Dakota U.S. Senate race, 176; Utah Second District congressional race, 245. See also NARAL Pro-Choice America; National Right to Life Abraham, Spence, 38 Advertising: under BCRA, 75; Campaign Media Analysis Group’s data, 3; Colorado Seventh District congressional race, 188–93; Connecticut Fifth District congressional race, 211; exposure in competitive races, 264–68; issue ads, 74, 75; negative ads, 74; Pennsylvania Seventeenth District congressional race, 232; pulling of, 6–7, 51–52; and soft money, 37, 38, 51–52, 53–54; timing of ads, 75; tone and volume of, 6–7, 268–69; Utah Second District congressional race, 243–44; voters’ reaction, 7, 270–72. See also Air war; Attack ads; Broadcast advertising; Issue advocacy; Television advertising AFL-CIO: Colorado Seventh District congressional race, 188; Connecticut Fifth District congressional race, 213, 217, 218–19, 220; coordinated campaign effort of, 104, 106; and ground war, 93, 105–07, 111; internal communications, use of, 69; issue ads, 74, 75; issue advocacy, 2, 70; Minnesota U.S. Senate race, 124, 126; Missouri U.S. Senate race, 153; Pennsylvania Seventeenth District congressional race, 232; person -to-person contacts, 103; research by, 101–02. See also Labor unions African Americans: Missouri U.S. Senate race, 140, 143, 147, 150, 153–54; and person-to-person contact, 104; voter turnout, 91, 107. See also Minority issues AFSCME (American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees), 106 AFT (American Federation of Teachers), 130 Air war: Colorado Seventh District congressional race, 195–97; Connecti305 Index cut Fifth District congressional race, 217–18; Minnesota U.S. Senate race, 123–27; Missouri U.S. Senate race, 151–54; post-BCRA, 277–78; South Dakota U.S. Senate race, 162–67. See also Advertising; Broadcast advertising; Television advertising Aliens, undocumented, 147 Allard, Wayne, 188 Alliance for Retired Americans, 73 Altevogt, John, 154 AMA. See American Medical Association American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), 106 American Federation of Teachers (AFT), 130 American Medical Association (AMA), 15, 67 Americans for Job Security: Minnesota U.S. Senate race, 124, 126, 130; Missouri U.S. Senate race, 140; name masking identity of group, 71; South Dakota U.S. Senate race, 166 America 21, 194, 213 Anderson, Curt, 107, 148 Andrews, Bruce, 230–31 Ashcroft, Janet, 142 Ashcroft, John, 137, 138 Associated Builders and Contractors (ABC), 216 Association of State Democratic Chairs, 81 Association of Trial Lawyers of America, 73 Attack ads: Colorado Seventh District congressional race, 188, 189, 193, 195–97; Connecticut Fifth District congressional race, 74, 219–20; negative ads, 74; and outside money, 261; and soft money, 37, 38; Utah Second District congressional race, 252. See also specific race Bailey, Douglas, 13 Bailey, John, 212 Barkley, Dean, 133 Baucus, Max, 18, 48, 65 BCRA. See Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act Beauprez, Bob: and air war, 195–97; as candidate, 180, 181–83; and getout -the-vote efforts, 193; and money, 51, 183–85; self-financing by, 16; senior issues, 194; and television advertising, 188. See also Colorado Seventh District congressional race BIPAC. See Business Industry Political Action Committee Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA): advertising, 75; broadcast issue advocacy provisions, 75, 276; candidate self-financing, 16; circumvention of, 5; constitutionality of, 272–73; contribution limits, 12; disclosure of contributions, 275, 277; effect of, 5, 39, 275, 278; electioneering communications, 277; enactment of, 36; and FEC, 273; and future campaign financing, 272–79; and ground war, 110; and hard money, 275; and interest groups, 83, 276–77; internal communications, use of, 15, 68–69, 70; issue advocacy , 272, 275, 276; Levin Amendment , 275–76; overview of, 36; rulemaking , 273; and soft money, 13, 36, 39, 57, 81, 83, 111, 259, 272–73, 276; use of treasury funds, 14, 15, 277; voter registration and GOTV activities, 36, 275–76 Boomer, David, 216 Bradley, Bill, 185 Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence, 149 Broadcast advertising: under BCRA, 75, 276; as campaign communication in sample races, 9; Colorado Seventh District congressional race, 306 index 188; Connecticut Fifth District congressional race, 213; electioneering communications, 277; issue advocacy , 71; Minnesota U.S. Senate race, 123–27; Missouri U.S. Senate race, 151–54; noncandidate ads, 10; Utah Second District congressional race, 247. See also Air war; Television advertising...