Revisiting Rental Housing: Policies, Programs, and Priorities

Index

African Americans, 71, 89, 146 Alameda County (Calif.), 254, 262 Allergens, 46 Apartment buildings: capital for, 277–99; changing mortgage environment for, 282–85, 328; conclusions on, 298–99; demolition of, 281, 353; equity investors for, 286; financing for, 277; financing of, 285–86; fragmented ownership of, 287–89; importance of, 279–82; multifamily, 277; new construction of, 281–82; owners’ risk aversion and, 289–90; practical concept alternatives for, 295–98; problems for, 285–90; S-REITs and, 290–95 Asbestos, 32, 37 Asthma, 46–47 Attitudes, 95 Auto dependence, 25–26, 73 Behaviors, 95; property crime, 97–98; socially problematic, 102, 127 Bonds, 297 British Household Panel Study, 97 Builders, 12, 235, 251–52 Building: codes, 46; materials, 99; permit cap, 253 California: affordable rental housing in, 225, 229–36, 237–67, 342; courts in, 235; Department of Housing and Community Development, 235, 257, 265–66; home prices in, 3–4, 5; housing markets in, 4 California Coastal Act, 233 California Building Industry Association, 235 California’s Department of Housing and Community Development, 235, 257, 265–66 Capital: for apartment buildings, 277–99; financial inflow into housing markets, 3–7, 9–10; human, 85; needs, 178–80, 183; needs and operating costs of LIHTC, 178–80, 183; 361 Index in residential properties, 99–100; for small rental properties, 277–99 Car ownership, 25–26, 73 CBD. See Central business district Census Bureau, U.S., 2, 63–64, 277–78 Census-tract: boundaries and rates of poverty, 63, 66–77, 90–91, 125–29; rates from Cleveland, 109–10, 127–29 Central business district (CBD), 71, 87 Chicago (Ill.), 200, 330–31 Children: education of, 26, 95–96; effects of poor housing on, 37; families with, 181; “fill-the-gap” care of, 214; neighborhood conditions experienced by, 95–96 Cities, 266, 339; availability of jobs in, 30; central, 324, 335–36; highdensity built-out, 34–35; highpoverty neighborhoods in, 9, 10–12, 29–38, 169–70; local regulations’ effects on, 6–7; low-income and poor household renters and, 59–91; population losses of, 14; rental affordability in and near, 29–38, 48–49; subsidized rental housing in, 3, 149–57 City Homes Program, 294 Cleveland (Ohio), 353; census-tract rates from, 109–10, 127–29; poverty and home sales in, 108–09, 127–29; sales values of individual, 109–12 Communities, revitalization of, 144–45, 156, 165 Community Development Block Grant program, 44, 185, 255 Community Reinvestment Act, 45 Commutes, 25–26 Condominiums, 18 Congress, U.S., 172, 195, 335 Construction: of apartment buildings, 281–82; new, 60, 281–82; “placebased ,” 59–60; quality of, 99; of small multifamily rental housing, 281–82; subsidies, 7 Consumer Expenditure Survey for 2005, 2 Coral Gables (Fla.): affordable rental housing in, 225, 230, 237–67; case study profiles in, 237–67; housing policy history of, 258–59 The Cost Cuts Manual, 294 Credit: histories, 19; scores, 19; standards , 4, 5–6 Crime(s), 105–09; exposure to, 94–96; property, 97–98 Debt-service coverage ratio, 182 Deficit Reduction Act of 1984, 312 Democrats, 260–63 Depreciation: dwelling, 99; elements of, 100–102 Developers: local, 144; private, 155, 176 “Devolution” era, 166–67 Disabilities, persons with, 187 Dollars: constant, 4; current, 4 Dwelling: depreciation, 99; spaces, 162 Earned income tax credit (EITC), 28, 208, 340, 345 Economic competitiveness, 326 Economic integration, 164–65 Economic opportunities, 191 Edwards, John, 353 EFAs. See Essential function bonds EITC. See Earned income tax credit Elderly, 187 ELIHPA. See Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987 Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987 (ELIHPA), 171–72 Employment, 320, 323; conclusions of, 221–22; initiatives, place-based housing, 217–21; land-use, local and built-out affluent suburban job centers and, 244–67; public housing and, 192–201; services, 195–96; subsidized rental housing and, 191–222; work promotion and, 192–201. See also Job(s); Work 362 index Environments, 25; changing mortgage, 282–85, 328; neighborhood, 99 Essential function bonds (EFBs), 296, 297 Ethnicity, 146–47 Externalities. See Spillover effects Families: with children, 181; public housing and, 44; with special needs or large, 44, 182 Family Self-Sufficiency program (FSS), 27; alternative strategies within, 216; evaluation of, 211–13; evaluation of enhanced, 213–15; history of, 201–03; individual components of, 215–16 Fannie Mae, 8 “Federal bulldozer,” 42 Federal government, 43, 332–39, 354–55; funding...