The PerformanceStat Potential: A Leadership Strategy for Producing Results

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Index 401 Abandoned cars, 228 Abell Foundation, 17 Abrahams Group, 17 Absenteeism, 128, 150–51 Accountability: and CitiStat, 16–17; and CompStat, 37–38; and meetings, 179, 190–91; as motivation, 213–14; and organizational competence, 213–14; PerformanceStat as mechanism for, 19–20, 38–39 Achievement tests, 132, 133, 137 Adaptation, 227–44; and competency trap, 238; by CompStat, 236–38; and feedback loop, 234–35; by leadership, 288–90; and learning, 233–34, 235–36, 240–44; mimicry avoidance, 230–31; of PerformanceStat, 35–36; and purpose, 230, 232; SomerStat example, 228–29; and uniqueness of programs, 232–33 Administration for Children’s Services (New York City), 4, 20, 219 AgencyStat, 12, 159–60, 163 Aggressive policing, 53 Akerlof, George, 41 Alarm bells (proscriptive performance measures ), 135–36 Allis, Sam, 7, 16 Alphonso Street Playground (Providence), 153 Alter, Jonathan, 289 Analytical thinking, 209, 217, 218–19 Anderson, George, 64 Anemone, Louis, 178, 179 Annie E. Casey Foundation, 219 Ansell, Phil, 139, 140, 142 Apprenticeships, 222 APTS (Authority Productivity Tracking System), 4 Argyris, Chris, 239 Arns, Paul, 103 Asimov, Isaac, 170 Atlanta Public Schools, 132 Audits, 38, 214–15 Australia, CompStat implementation in, 3, 54. See also specific provinces Authority Productivity Tracking System (APTS), 4 Aviation Safety Reporting System, 130 Axelrod, Robert, 312 Baltimore, Maryland: crime rates in, 65–66; Maple’s consultations with, 65–66. See also CitiStat (Baltimore) Baltimore Sun on CitiStat, 16 Barber, Michael, 172 The Bar Chart, 200, 201, 272, 273 Bardach, Eugene, 232, 257 Barksdale, Anthony, 182 Bascos, Pura, 97 Baseline data, 32, 35 Baumer, Eric, 55 402 Index Bayley, David, 61 Beck, Charlie, 176–77, 191 Becker, Carl, 146 Becker, Marshall, 197 Behavior: causal, 261–81; personal, 262. See also Cause-and-effect Benefit establishment, 103 Bens, Charles, 6 Benson, Larisa, 34 Best practices, 257 BET-STAT (Off-Track Betting Corporation ), 4 Bilandic, Michael A., 71 Black Box metaphor, 253–54 Blameless reporting systems, 241 Blau, Peter, 147 BlightSTAT (New Orleans), 95, 96–102 Bloomberg, Michael, 68 Blumstein, Alfred, 303 Boeing, 242–43 Border Patrol (U.S.), 5 BorderStat (U.S.), 5 Boston Globe on CitiStat, 16 Boston Police Department, 145–46, 164, 170, 183–84 Bovaird, Tony, 95, 121, 290 Bowling, Benjamin, 307 Braga, Anthony, 53, 55 Brassil Memorial Park (Providence), 156 Bratton, William: on aggressive policing, 53; and bureaucracy, 65; on community policing, 51; and CompStat principles, 2, 8–9; on CompStat’s efficacy, 45, 54; crime reduction targets issued by, 37, 59; on innovative policing strategies, 50; and LAPD, 176–77; on Maple, 1; on responsibility , 60, 63, 86, 87, 93; and transit police, 53 Broadbent, Jane, 215 Broken-windows policing, 52–53 Brown, Lee, 50, 51 Browning, Philip L., 186 Buffalo, New York, CitiStat implementation in, 19 Buffalo News on CitiStat, 16, 19 Bunge, Mario, 249, 252, 256–57, 258 Bureaucracy: and black box metaphor, 254; and CompStat, 63–65; and data collection, 269; and organizational competence, 209–10; and responsibility, 80–81, 83–85 Bureau of Workforce Services (Los Angeles County), 78 Burlington Township, New Jersey, CompStat implementation in, 3 Byng, John, 213 Cabranes, José, 91 Campbell, Donald, 132, 133 Campbell’s Law, 132–34 Cannon, Mark, 240, 241 CapStat (Washington, D.C.), 107–08, 218, 268 Cardillo, Pamela, 129, 150, 156 Carter, Neil, 92, 135, 136 Cause-and-effect, 245–60; and Black Box metaphor, 253–54; and conjecturing on unobservable, 256–57; for crime reduction , 45–46; and explicit knowledge about “What?,” 246–47; and impact attribution, 248–49; leadership behaviors as explanations, 27, 255–56; purpose as emphasis for analysis, 258; search for causal behaviors, 249–50; search for mechanisms, 252–53; and tacit knowledge about “How?,” 247–48 Cause-and-effect theory, 124, 156–57 CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps), 288–89 Center for American Progress, 20 Center for Evidence-Based Corrections, 15 Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 131 CenterStat (New York City), 193 Champollion, Jean-François, 14 Chicago, 311 phone system in, 68 ChildStat (New York City), 4, 20–21 Chilvers, Marilyn, 54 China, data distortions in, 133 Cicilline, David, 150, 156 Index 403 CitiSmart (Mobile, Alabama), 9 CitiStat (Baltimore): creation of, 297; data collection for, 127–28; defining, 16–17; and follow-up, 194–95, 199; and graffiti removal service requests, 72–75; meetings for, 176, 177–78, 180–81; performance targets and data, 67–69; and pothole service requests, 69–71, 114–18, 292; purpose commitment in, 65–76...