Military Engagement: Influencing Armed Forces Worldwide to Support Democratic Transitions

Index

135 Index Abdullah (King of Saudi Arabia), 102 Abou Jaoude, edouard, 67 Ackerman, Peter, 89 Afghanistan, armed insurrection in, 87 Africa: armed insurrection in, 86; democratic transition in, 37–39; dictatorships emerging from military coups in, 4; impact of ethnic and tribal divisions in, 6; security sector reform programs in, 13–14, 59; state of freedom in, 52. See also specific countries and regions African Americans, advancement opportunities in armed forces, 27 Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud, 99 Akhromeyev, Sergey, 63 Algeria, political involvement of armed forces in, 44 al Qaeda, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107 American Defense resources Management Assistance Program, 78 American Defense Security Cooperation Agency, 65 Ammar, rachid, 8, 92 Amnesty programs, 33 Arab Awakening, 5, 29–30, 40, 49–50, 79, 88, 90, 112 Argentina, economic factors and fall of dictatorship in, 33, 51 Armed forces: budgets, 17, 25; collaboration by, 1–2, 9, 55–56, 58–60; constitutional and legal framework for, 16–18; contribution to society, 20–21; defense mission of, 18–20, 53–54, 62; democratic transition , role in, 1–5, 7–14, 36–37, 43–54, 55, 113–14, 115–16; in dictatorships, 5–7, 45–48; effectiveness in role to exert influence, 60; homosexuals serving in, 22; institutional independence of, 48; motivations of, 5–7; pay and benefits, 6, 25, 61, 62; political neutrality of, 17, 21–23, 44, 54; procurement, 25; promotion systems for, 27, 47, 48; reputation and prestige of, 25–27, 79; respect for, 17, 61, 62, 89–90. See also International training and education courses; Multilateral and bilateral exercises Blair.indb 135 2/11/13 8:08 PM 136 INDEX Armed insurrections, 85–88; efficacy of, 85–86; external influences on, 86–87; military coups resulting in dictatorships, 3–4; objectives of, 83 Arms. See Weapons Army War College, 64, 65 Asia: state of freedom in, 52. See also specific regions and countries al-Assad, Bashar, 4, 50 Ataturk, Mustafa Kemal, 7, 43, 44 Australian Defense College, 65 Autocratic regimes, 95–110; Burma/Myanmar, 99–101; China, 107–10; Iran, 98–99; North Korea, 96–98; Pakistan, 105–07; Saudi Arabia, 102–05. See also Dictatorships Baathist Party, 45 Bahrain, Shia protests in, 104 Bainimarama, Josaia, 45 Basij militia, 98 Ben Ali, Zine el-Abidine, 4 Best practices, 73 Bilateral exercises. See Multilateral and bilateral exercises bin Laden, Osama, 103 Blair, Dennis: at Asia-Pacific region conference, 74; on experience with officers in authoritarian countries, 75; motivation for writing book, 76; and relationship with general reyes, 92 Bouteflika, Abdelaziz, 45 Boyce, Michael, 17 Brazil, democratic transition in, 4, 33 Briefings, 76 Budgetary considerations: for armed forces in democracies, 17, 25; maintenance costs of weapons, 77 Burma/Myanmar: democratic transition in, 99–101; military relations with, 95–96, 99, 100–01 Canada, political neutrality of armed forces in, 44 Castro, Fidel, 86 Catholic Church, role in Latin America’s democratic transition , 34 Center for Civil-Military relations, 70 Central Asia. See europe and Central Asia Checklists: information needed prior to meeting with autocratic countries, 117–18; for planning and evaluating multilateral and bilateral exercises, 125–26 Chenoweth, erica, 89 Cheyre, Juan emilio, 8 Chile: democratic transition in, 4, 18; prestige of armed forces in, 26 China: business activities of armed forces in, 48; comparison with U.S. international training courses, 67; democratic transition in, 107–10; education and training in, 109–10; intelligence services in, 47; military relations with, 96, 107–08, 109–10; party armies in, 108–09; South Korea relations with, 96; U.S. relations with, 108 Chinese Communist Party, 108, 109 Chinese Nationalist Party, 22 Cincinnatus (roman hero), 43 Civilian control of military, 37 Civilian dictatorships, 16. See also Dictatorships Civilian expertise, 37 Civil resistance campaigns, 84, 88–93 Blair.indb 136 2/11/13 8:08 PM 137 INDEX Code of Conduct on PoliticoMilitary Aspects of Security (OSCe), 15–16 Cold war: democratic development during, 34, 111–12; dictatorships during, 32, 34, 35, 51–52; end of, 51–52, 111–12 Collaboration: in disaster relief and peacekeeping operations, 9; effect of lack of collaboration, 1–2, 55–56; to support democratic change, 58–60 Colonial rule, 111–12. See also Independence from colonial rule Colonial security forces in subSaharan Africa, 38, 44 Colorado Party (Paraguay), 22, 45 Communication: delivery of message, 11–12; between democratic and nondemocratic counterparts, 63, 80; as opportunity for influence, 61–62, 73, 74; personal contacts among military officials, 12, 80...