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201 Index Acheson, Dean, 49 Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 65, 74, 76, 146. See also Health and public health issues—China Africa, 53 Agricultural issues—China: agricultural production and output, 10, 38, 40, 42, 43t, 50, 125–27; climate change, 128–29; history of, 26; hybrid rice, 118; transition of labor to the nonagricultural sector, 36–37 Agricultural issues—U.S., 40, 42, 43t AIDS. See Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Alcohol and alcohol consumption, 73 Asia, 53, 112, 123 Asian Development Bank, 5 Asian Tigers (Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan), 24, 25. See also individual countries Australia, 87, 114, 130 Bairoch, Paul, 9 Bangladesh, 78 Beijing (China), 34, 78, 79 Beijing consensus, 17 Bo Yibo, 33 Brazil, 105 BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China), 5–6. See also individual countries Britain. See United Kingdom “Build China a Powerful Modern Socialist Country” (Mao; 1964), 108 Canada, 114 Capital (human, natural, and physical)— China: educational factors in, 83, 85; future goals for, 39, 57, 119–20; growth of, 27, 28, 30, 35, 36, 69, 88–89, 90; in science and technology, 96 Capital (human, natural, and physical)— general: calculation of, 82; definition of, 27, 82; externalities and spillover effects of, 82; welfare and, 28 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. See Keidel, Albert CCP. See Chinese Communist Party 11-0487-2 index.indd 201 3/22/11 4:03 PM 202 index CCP Central Committee, 32, 51, 56, 84, 116. See also Chinese Communist Party Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), 6 Chen Yun, 18, 32, 33 China. See People’s Republic of China; individual topics and headings China Education and Human Resources Development Project, 89 China: Long-Term Development Issues and Options (report; World Bank), 2 China Science and Technology Information Institute, 102 China Statistical Yearbook 2010, 73 China: The Balance Sheet (CSIS and Peterson Institute), 6 China 2020 (report; World Bank), 4 Chinese Communist Party (CCP), 8, 14, 29, 32, 33, 77, 150. See also CCP Central Committee Chow, Gregory C., 7 Climate change—China: climate-related natural disasters, 125–26; forests, 133; impacts on China, 122–24; greenhouse gases and emissions, 21, 122, 129–31, 132, 133–36; policies, national plan, and recommendations for, 124, 130–39; poverty and vulnerability to climate change, 128–29. See also Environmental issues—China; Natural disasters—China Climate change—general, 122–24, 125, 133, 134 Cold war, 14 Computers, 106–07 Confucius Institutes, 87 Congressional Research Service (U.S.), 40 Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, 84 CSIS. See Center for Strategic and International Studies Cultural Revolution (PRC; 1966–76): education and, 84; effects of, 7, 8, 27, 29, 30, 83, 109; purges of Deng Xiaoping and, 84; reform and opening and, 19, 30, 33 “Decisions of the CCP Central Committee and the State Council on Accelerating the Pace of S&T Progress” (CCP Central Committee; 1995), 115 “Decisions on Strengthening Family Planning and Strictly Controlling Population Growth” (CCP Central Committee ; 1991), 51 “Decisions on Strengthening Technical Innovation and Developing HighTechnology Industry” (CCP Central Committee; 1999), 116 Democracy, 17, 19, 141, 150 Demographic issues—China: before 1949, 47; in 1949–78 (modern demographic transition), 49–50; in 1978–2020 (demographic dividend), 50–53; in 2000–05, 48; aging society, 54–57, 160; birthrates, 48, 50, 160; demographic debt period, 52, 55; economic factors, 48–49, 50, 52, 53, 55, 160; life expectancy, 69, 72, 76, 78, 146; literacy rate, 78; mortality rates, 26, 69, 72, 74–75, 76, 146; retirement age, 56–57; total fertility rate (TFR), 50, 51, 52–53, 54; U curve of, 52. See also Population issues—China; Health and public health issues—China Demographic issues—general: aging societies, 54; demographic dividend, 172n4; mortality rate, 172n1; sustainable population development, 53; total fertility rate (TFR), 53, 172n3; worldwide averages, 67 Deng Xiaoping: birth control and, 50, 51; educational initiatives of, 84; purging 11-0487-2 index.indd 202 3/22/11 4:03 PM [3.88.60.5] Project MUSE (2024-03-28 10:23 GMT) index 203 and reinstatement of, 84; reforms of, 3, 18, 19, 20, 28, 30–32; strategic concepts of, 15, 109, 115, 139, 140, 167n12; theoretical innovations of, 18, 32–33, 142; three-step strategy of, 8. See also Cultural Revolution Developing countries, 34, 130. See also individual countries Diseases. See Health and public health issues; individual diseases and disorders Dongguan City (Guangdong Province, PRC), 112 Economic growth and strength—China: in the 1990s, 4; annual growth rate, 2–3; catching up with the U.S...